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53. LAUROCERASUS Duhamel, Traité Arbr. Arbust. 1: 345. 1755.
桂樱属 gui ying shu
Lu Lingdi (Lu Ling-ti); Bruce Bartholomew
Trees or shrubs, evergreen or very rarely deciduous. Branches unarmed. Stipules small, free or sometimes connate, soon caducous. Leaves simple, alternate, conduplicate when young, usually with 2 to rarely several nectaries on petiole, at base on leaf blade abaxial surface, or along leaf blade margin; leaf blade margin entire or serrate. Inflorescences axillary, usually racemose, rarely in a fascicle, very rarely paniculate, usually with more than 10 flowers; bracts small, soon caducous, basal ones usually sterile and with a tripartite or tridentate apex; bracteoles often absent. Flowers usually bisexual, sometimes male with ovary ± reduced. Hypanthium cup-shaped to campanulate. Sepals 5. Petals 5, white, longer than sepals. Stamens 10–50, in 2 whorls, inner ones shorter. Ovary superior, 1-loculed, glabrous or sometimes pubescent; ovules 2, collateral. Style terminal; stigma disc-shaped. Fruit a drupe; mesocarp succulent, not splitting when ripe; endocarp bony or woody, surface smooth or rugose.
About 80 species: Asia, Europe, New Guinea, North and South America; 13 species (six endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaf blade abaxially scatteredly purplish black or black punctate. |
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(2) |
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Leaf blade abaxially not scatteredly purplish black or black punctate. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade herbaceous to subleathery, apex long caudate, tertiary veins conspicuous on both surfaces; drupe subglobose to transversely ellipsoid, 8–10 mm in diam., wider than long; endocarp smooth. |
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1 L. phaeosticta |
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Leaf blade thickly leathery, apex acute to shortly acuminate, tertiary veins very inconspicuous to nearly invisible on both surfaces; drupe elongated ovoid-globose to ellipsoid, 6–8 mm in diam., longer than wide; endocarp slightly reticulately rugose. |
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2 L. fordiana |
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| 3 (1) |
Leaf blade abaxially densely pubescent. |
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(4) |
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Leaf blade abaxially glabrous. |
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(5) |
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| 4 (3) |
Petioles 6–10 mm, often with a pair of basal nectaries; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-oblong, densely gray pubescent abaxially, margin ± densely coarsely serrate; drupe ovoid-oblong, 1–1.2 cm in diam., apex acute. |
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3 L. hypotricha |
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Petioles 10–15 mm, without nectaries; leaf blade ovate-oblong to oblong, densely yellowish pubescent abaxially, margin indistinctly shallowly obtusely serrate apically from middle; drupe broadly oblong, 1.4–1.7 cm in diam., apex obtuse. |
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4 L. menghaiensis |
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| 5 (3) |
Rachises and pedicels glabrous. |
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(6) |
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Rachises and pedicels pubescent. |
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(7) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, margin entire or rarely with a few teeth apically from middle; racemes 5–10 cm; ovary pubescent; drupe ovoid-globose to ellipsoid, 1–1.6 cm. |
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5 L. undulata |
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Leaf blade oblong to ovate-oblong, margin sparsely and shallowly serrulate with minute teeth; racemes 2–5 cm; ovary glabrous; drupe globose to compressed globose, 0.7–1 cm. |
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6 L. andersonii |
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| 7 (5) |
Drupe 1.4–1.6 cm in diam.; endocarp thick and hard, surface prominently coarsely reticulately rugose. |
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7 L. jenkinsii |
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Drupe 0.6–1.1 cm in diam.; endocarp thin and fragile, surface smooth or slightly reticulately rugose. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Drupe 1.8–2.4 cm; petiole 1–2 cm. |
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8 L. zippeliana |
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Drupe 0.8–1.4 cm; petiole 0.1–1 cm (rarely 1.5 cm in L. spinulosa). |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade margin entire or sparsely acutely serrate, secondary veins indistinct. |
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(10) |
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Leaf blade margin undulate to serrate, secondary veins distinct. |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaf blade oblong to obovate-oblong, 5–7(–9) cm, base narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate; drupe ovoid-globose; endocarp thinly reticulately rugose. |
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12 L. marginata |
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Leaf blade elliptic to ovate-orbicular, 2–5(–6) cm, base broadly cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse; drupe subglobose; endocarp smooth. |
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13 L. aquifolioides |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaf blade elliptic; secondary veins 5–7 on either side of midvein. |
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11 L. australis |
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Leaf blade oblong to obovate-oblong; secondary veins 8–14 on either side of midvein. |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaf blade herbaceous to thinly leathery, margin usually undulate with few acicular teeth apically from middle or near apex, apex acuminate to caudate; drupe ellipsoid. |
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9 L. spinulosa |
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Leaf blade thickly leathery, margin not undulate but coarsely acutely serrate with teeth incurved, apex acute to shortly acuminate; drupe ovoid-globose. |
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10 L. dolichophylla |
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List of lower taxa
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