1	Ray floret lamina involute when dry		(2)
+	Ray floret lamina flat		(14)
2 (1)	Disk floret limb cylindric or cylindric-funnelform, anthers and style branches not exserted from corolla		(3)
+	Disk floret corollas narrowly funnelform, anthers and style branches often exserted from disk corolla		(7)
3 (2)	Disk floret limb cylindric-funnelform.		23 E. petiolaris
+	Disk floret limb cylindric and abruptly ampliate or narrowly cylindric		(4)
4 (3)	Phyllaries exceeding or equaling disk florets, outer series slightly shorter than or equaling inner		(5)
+	Phyllaries longer than disk florets, outer series usually 1/2 as long as inner		(6)
5 (4)	Phyllaries appressed, apex purple, densely villous (some with purple crosswalls).		24 E. eriocalyx
+	Phyllaries ± loose, green or purplish, densely yellowish villous at base.		25 E. lachnocephalus
6 (4)	Stems sparsely hirsute; achenes ca. 0.3 mm wide, sparsely strigose.		26 E. lonchophyllus
+	Stems ± densely hirsute and strigillose; achenes ca. 0.6 mm wide, strigose.		27 E. oreades
7 (2)	Capitula 0.8-1.5 cm in diam.; ray florets 5-7 mm; phyllaries shorter than to equaling or sometimes slightly exceeding disk florets		(8)
+	Capitula 1.5-3.2 cm in diam.; ray florets 6.5-13.7 mm; phyllaries exceeding or equaling disk florets		(10)
8 (7)	Plants 15-50(-60) cm tall; mid and upper cauline leaves narrowly oblong, apex obtuse or rounded, surfaces eglandular.		20 E. himalajensis
+	Plants 5-25 cm tall; mid and upper cauline leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, surfaces often stipitate glandular		(9)
9 (8)	Stems green, 9-25 cm tall; phyllaries green, sparsely strigillose, densely short-stipitate glandular.		21 E. pseudotenuicaulis
+	Stems purple, 5-7 cm tall; phyllaries purple, sparsely hirsute-villous, strigillose, often stipitate glandular at base.		22 E. purpurascens
10 (7)	Phyllaries sparsely to ± densely villous and shortly strigose, ± densely stipitate glandular, outer apex spreading, often squarrose; ray florets purple; lobes of disk florets hairy.		15 E. patentisquama
+	Phyllaries villous to glabrate, strigillose, eglandular, outer appressed; ray florets white or purplish; lobes of disk florets glabrous or hairy at base		(11)
11 (10)	Cauline leaves 3-6, often crowded at base, upper gradually reduced; stems sparsely long villous, strigillose.		19 E. kunshanensis
+	Cauline leaves 5 to numerous, usually slightly reduced upward; stems densely villous, strigillose		(12)
12 (11)	Ray florets white, sometimes pink tinged or purplish; phyllaries green, sometimes purple, sparsely to ± densely villous, shortly scabrous; lobes of disk florets glabrous or hairy at base.		16 E. multifolius
+	Ray florets purple; phyllaries ± purple, lanate (crosswalls pale yellow or purple); lobes of disk florets glabrous or hairy		(13)
13 (12)	Upper cauline leaves and phyllaries lanate (crosswalls yellow or purple); cauline leaves oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate to oblong; lobes of disk florets glabrous.		17 E. porphyrolepis
+	Upper cauline leaves and phyllaries villous to lanate (crosswalls purple); cauline leaves elliptic-ovate; lobes of disk florets hairy.		18 E. lanuginosus
14 (1)	Phyllaries distinctly exceeding disk florets; ray florets lilac to lavender or purple, or sometimes white; disk floret lobes yellow		(15)
+	Phyllaries shorter than to equaling or slightly longer than disk florets; ray florets blue, purple, lilac, reddish, white, or rarely orange; disk floret lobes yellow or purplish to purple		(18)
15 (14)	Capitula 1.2-2.5 cm in diam		(16)
+	Capitula 2.5-4 cm in diam		(17)
16 (15)	Lower and mid cauline leaf margins entire.		12 E. latifolius
+	Lower and mid cauline leaf margins 3-6-serrate to coarsely serrate above middle.		14 E. kiukiangensis
17 (15)	Phyllaries hirsute, densely stipitate glandular apically only; capitula 3-4 cm in diam.		11 E. multiradiatus
+	Phyllaries densely stipitate glandular, basally hirsute; capitula 2.5-3 cm in diam.		13 E. leucoglossus
18 (14)	Leaves mostly basal.		10 E. breviscapus
+	Leaves basal and cauline		(19)
19 (18)	Ray florets orange, sometimes yellow to brick-red.		5 E. aurantiacus
+	Ray florets pale purple, blue, lilac, or rarely white		(20)
20 (19)	Capitula 1-2.5 cm in diam		(21)
+	Capitula to 4 cm in diam		(23)
21 (20)	Phyllaries dark cork-colored, shorter than or almost equaling disk florets, hirsute-villous and stipitate glandular; disk floret lobes yellow.		1 E. leioreades
+	Phyllaries green or purple to partly purple, longer than or equaling disk florets, villous or scabridulous, eglandular or sparsely glandular; disk floret lobes purplish		(22)
22 (21)	Plants 5-20(-30) cm tall; basal leaf surfaces glabrate; phyllaries ± densely scabridulous; ray florets 6-7 mm, disk florets 3.8-4.2 mm; inner pappus bristles 3-3.5 mm.		8 E. morrisonensis
+	Plants 20-35 cm tall; basal leaf surfaces sparsely villous-strigose, strigillose; phyllaries ± densely villous; ray florets 7-8.5 mm, disk florets 5-5.1 mm; inner pappus bristles 5-6 mm.		9 E. taipeiensis
23 (20)	Ray florets blue.		4 E. vicarius
+	Ray florets lilac to pale purple, rarely white		(24)
24 (23)	Disk floret lobes purplish.		7 E. alpicola
+	Disk floret lobes yellow		(25)
25 (24)	Phyllaries densely villous to lanate, eglandular.		6 E. allochrous
+	Phyllaries villous or strigose and stipitate glandular		(26)
26 (25)	Ray florets 6.5-8(-13) mm; phyllaries hirsute-villous and margin stipitate glandular.		2 E. seravschanicus
+	Ray florets 10-12 mm; phyllaries densely stipitate glandular, sparsely strigose (or not).		3 E. altaicus