Polypodium submarginale Langsdorff & Fischer, Pl. Voy. Russes Monde, 12, plate 13. 1818; Dryopteris submarginalis (Langsdorff & Fischer) C. Christensen

Petiole scales brown, linear, 10--20 × 0.8--1.5 mm, lax, not densely tangled or woollike. Blade 1-pinnate-pinnatifid, glabrous or pubescent on both surfaces, glandular abaxially and occasionally adaxially, glands pale yellow, ca. 0.5 mm. Basal pinnae 8--18 × 2--3 cm, equilateral, incised more than 3/4 distance to costae. Ultimate segments 4--7 mm wide, margins ciliate. Veins 6--10(--15) pairs per segment, unbranched. Sori medial to supramedial; indusia present but soon deciduous or completely absent.

Cypress swamps, hammocks, old forested spoil banks; 0 m; Fla., La.; e, s Mexico; West Indies in Hispaniola; Central America; South America to Uruguay.

Combining authorship of the accepted name sometimes has been incorrectly attributed to E. B. Copeland (1947). The Louisiana population of Ctenitis submarginalis occurs more than 960 km from populations in Florida and represents the northernmost locality for the species (G. P. Landry and W. D. Reese 1991). Unlike most ferns in North America, the plants in the Louisiana population are nonseasonal, producing leaves and sori throughout the year.

SELECTED REFERENCES

Landrey, G. P. and W. D. Reese. 1991. Ctenitis submarginalis (Langsd. & Fisch.) Copel. new to Louisiana: First record in the U.S. outside of Florida. Amer. Fern J. 81: 105--106.