Diamond burrbark Diamond burrbark

Bartramia indica Linnaeus; Triumfetta angulata Lamarck; T. velutina Vahl

Herbs, annual. Stems erect, branched, 3–18 dm, stellate-pubescent to glabrate. Leaves: petiole 1–5(–7) cm; proximal blades broadly ovate-orbiculate, rhombic, elliptic, or broadly ovate, usually palmately 3-lobed, 3–9(–15) cm, distal ovate to ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, not lobed, base broadly cuneate or rounded to cordate or truncate, margins irregularly serrate, apex acute, surfaces: abaxial densely stellate-pubescent, adaxially sparsely stellate-pubescent, 3–5-veined from base. Inflorescences 3–5(–6) per axil, often subspicate; peduncle 1–3 mm. Pedicels 0.5–2 mm. Flowers: sepals narrowly oblong to linear-oblong, subapically appendaged, 4–5.5 mm, stellate abaxially; stamens 10–15; ovaries 3–4-locular. Capsules globose to ovoid-globose, 2.5–3 mm, surface densely tomentose-pilose; spines uncinate, glabrate, sparsely and minutely stipitate-glandular. 2n = 32.

Flowering Oct–Dec. Roadsides, disturbed shrubby areas; 10–50 m; introduced; Ala., Fla.; West Indies; introduced also in South America, Asia, Africa.

The type of Triumfetta indica Lamarck is not conspecific with that of Bartramia indica and blocks transfer of B. indica to Triumfetta. Triumfetta bartramia Linnaeus, which pertains here, is an illegitimate, superfluous name, because Linnaeus cited the earlier B. indica.

Triumfetta rhomboidea is known from Florida only by collections from Broward, DeSoto, and Jackson counties, and from Alabama only by a collection from Houston County.