Epidendrum polyphyllum Vellozo, Fl. Flumin., plate vol. 9, 17. 1831; Cyrtopodium paranaense Schlechter

Plants terrestrial, 50–150 cm. Pseudobulbs elongate, fusiform. Inflorescences erect, racemes to panicles, 100–200 cm. Flowers bright yellow, 3–4 cm wide; lip with middle lobe margins not conspicuously verruculose-tuberculate, lateral lobes bright yellow, shorter than middle lobe. Capsules to 10 cm.

Flowering winter. Pinelands; 10--100[--1500] m; introduced; Fla.; South America (Brazil).

Cyrtopodium polyphyllum was reported for Florida (C. A. Luer 1972) as C. andersonii (Lambert) R. Brown. The only available herbarium specimen [McCormack sub G. N. Avery 1155 (FTG)] is referable to C. polyphyllum. Cyrtopodium andersonii differs from C. polyphyllum in having narrowly ovate rather than broadly elliptic sepals (G. A. Romero-G. and G. Carnevali F.-C. 1999).