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1. Hylocomiastrum pyrenaicum (Spruce) M. Fleischer ex Brotherus in H. G. A. Engler et al., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2. 11: 487. 1925.
Hypnum pyrenaicum Spruce, Musci Pyren., no. 4. 1847; Hylocomium pyrenaicum (Spruce) Lindberg
Plants to 12 cm, soft. Stems 1-3 mm wide across leafy stem, irregularly branched to loosely 1-pinnate, not frondose or bushy, branches turgid, innovations inconspicuous. Stem leaves erect to erect-spreading, loosely imbricate, becoming more tightly imbricate toward stem apices, ovate to elliptic-ovate, somewhat concave, 1.5-2.5 × 1-1.4 mm; margins serrulate to nearly entire proximally, serrate distally; apex abruptly narrowed; costa single; medial laminal cells 30- 60 × 5-7 µm. Branch leaves imbricate, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1.3-2 × 0.4-0.9 mm; costa single. Seta 1-3 cm. Capsule ovoid, 1.3-1.8 mm.
Soil, humus, old logs, rock in moist forests, rarely fens, and tundra, often along streams or beside waterfalls; low to high elevations (0-3000 m); Greenland; Alta., B.C., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., Que., Yukon; Alaska, Colo., Maine, Mich., Minn., N.H., N.Y., Vt., Wash., Wis.; Eurasia.
Hylocomiastrum pyrenaicum may be more common in calcareous regions.
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