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16b.4. Delphinium subsect. Subscaposa Ewan, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 63: 330. 1936.
Roots 3-8(-12)-branched at least 1 cm from stem attachment, (4-)10-30(-40) cm, fibrous, twisted, dry, thin threadlike segments apparent nearly entire length; buds minute. Stems 1(-3) per root, unbranched, elongation delayed 4-10 weeks after leaf initiation; base often narrowed, firmly attached to root; proximal internodes much shorter than those of midstem. Leaves basal and cauline, largest near base of stem, others often abruptly smaller on distal stem; basal petioles spreading, cauline petioles ascending; basal leaves more rounded and with fewer, wider lobes than cauline leaves. Inflorescences usually 4-8 flowers per 5 cm, ± open, cylindric to narrowly pyramidal, seldom less than 4 times longer than wide, spurs rarely intersecting rachis; pedicel spreading to ascending, usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller, fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits erect. Seeds rectangular to crescent-shaped, 1.3-3.3 × 1.1-2.3 mm, not ringed on proximal end, ± wing-margined; seed coats usually lacking wavy ridges (present only in D . purpusii ), cells brick-shaped (less than 3 times longer than wide), cell margins undulate or straight.
Species 10+ (10 in the flora): North America, possibly others in Asia.
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| 1 |
Yellowish gland-based hairs present (at least apically) on pedicel; sepals reflexed. |
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(2) |
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Yellowish gland-based hairs usually absent from pedicel; sepals spreading or reflexed. |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Sepals light blue to lavender. |
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32 Delphinium lineapetalum |
| + |
Sepals rose to pinkish or yellow |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Sepals magenta to rose. |
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30 Delphinium purpusii |
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Sepals yellow. |
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31 Delphinium xantholeucum |
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| 4 (1) |
Cells of seed coat with undulate margins visible at 10×; mature fruits usually 3 or fewer times longer than wide. |
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(5) |
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Cells of seed coat with smooth margins visible at 10× (roughened in D.parryi); mature fruits usually more than 3 times longer than wide. |
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(7) |
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| 5 (4) |
Sepals rarely reflexed; stems more than (50-)60 cm. |
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29 Delphinium gypsophilum |
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Sepals (especially laterals) usually reflexed; stems less than 60(-100) cm. |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Lower petals white (contrasted with blue sepals). |
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26 Delphinium recurvatum |
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Lower petals blue or white to pink (same color as sepals). |
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25 Delphinium parishii |
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| 7 (4) |
Sepals strongly reflexed. |
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32 Delphinium lineapetalum |
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Sepals spreading or slightly reflexed, not strongly reflexed. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Green leaves usually absent on proximal 1/5 of stem at anthesis; if present, then proximal portion of stem and/or petioles covered with short, arched hairs. |
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(9) |
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Green leaves usually present on proximal 1/5 of stem at anthesis; proximal portion of stem and petioles glabrous to nearly glabrous (straight hairs). |
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(10) |
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| 9 (8) |
Lobes of proximal leaves less than 5 mm wide, or plants from less than 10km inland or less than 400m elevation. |
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23 Delphinium parryi |
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Lobes of proximal leaves 5 mm or more wide, and plants from more than 10km inland and greater than 400m elevation. |
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(8) |
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| 10 (8) |
Leaves almost entirely on proximal 1/5 of stem at anthesis. |
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27 Delphinium scaposum |
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Leaves primarily cauline at anthesis. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Lobes of proximal leaves less than 4 mm wide; lateral sepals spreading to reflexed. |
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24 Delphinium andersonii |
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Lobes of proximal leaves at least 4 mm wide; lateral sepals spreading. |
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28 Delphinium umbraculorum |
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