曼陀羅（洋金花）

Annual herbs, to 1.5 m tall, glabrescent, hairs eglandular; stems often dark violet. Leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 5-20 cm long, 4-l5 cm wide, membranous, apically acute or acuminate, basally truncate or cuneate, often asymmetrical, irregularly sinuate-dentate, lobed, occasionally entire, glabrate; petiole 2-6 cm long. Pedicel erect or pendulous, ca. 1 cm long. Flowers with calyx tubular, 4-9 cm long; corolla white, yellowish, or pale purple, funnelform, sometimes doubled or tripled, 8-20 cm long, the limb 5-10 cm across, the lobes mostly 5, elongate; anthers 9-12 mm long. Capsules deflexed, subglobose, 3 cm across, tuberculate, subtended by remnants of the persistent calyx base; seeds pale brown, reniform-discoid, 3-5 mm across.

TAIPEI: Tanshui, Sasaki s. n. 1921. KEELUNG: Sasaki s. n. 1921. TAINAN: Tainan, Sasaki 275 .Bankinsing, Henry 57. KAOHSIUNG: Tungsha, Liao 394. PENGHU: Hsiwei, Chen 713. TAITUNG: Lanyu Is., Chang 9074.

Probably native of the Americas but long introduced and naturalized in Asia. In Taiwan a seldom collected weed.

Solanum scabrum resembles S. nigrum and S. americanum but has broad, rounded, entire leaves, large anthers, and large fruits and seeds.