蔓蘘荷 (聚花草)

Floscopa paniculata auct. non Benth. (1861): Henry, List Pl. Formos. 99. 1896.

Perennial herbs, 25-60 cm. Roots fibrous. Stems prostrate at base, erect above; rooting at nodes; puberulous along a line decurrent from the sheath, otherwise glabrous. Leaves subpetiolate, lanceolate, 6-7.5 cm long, 1.7-2.2 cm wide, apex acuminate, base attenuate, upper surface scabrous, base villous; sheath cylindrical, ca. 1 cm, with red stripes, pilose at mouth. Inflorescence a thyrse, terminal, with many-flowered cincinni, puberulous; bract ovate, sometimes leaf-like leaf, 2-2.5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, margin ciliate, bracteolar scale-like, less than 1 mm long; pedicel ca. 1.5 mm long. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic; sepals 3, free, greenish, persistent, elliptic, concave, 3.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, densely covered with glandular hairs; petals 3, violet, unequal, the lateral petals 2, equal, oblanceolate, ca. 3.3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the medial petal narrower, oblong, ca. 3.5 mm long, 0.7 mm wide; stamens 6, fertile, anthers transversely elliptic, dimorphic: the posticous 3, basally fused, equal, anthers yellow, connective inflated, ca. 0.4 mm long, filament ca. 2.5 mm long; the anticous 3, free, unequal, the medial one longer, ca. 4 mm long; ovary globose, compressed, rhomboidal, stipitate, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous; style ca. 2.5 mm long. Capsules bilocular, metallic, ellipsoid, compressed, 2.5 mm long, 1.7 mm across, locules 1 seeded. Seeds elliptic in outline, dorsiventrally, compressed, ventral surface planar, dorsal convex, with radial stripes, light orange or blue, 1.5 mm long, 1.2 mm across, embryotega dosal, hilum curved. Chromosome number: n = 11 II + 1 IV.

Yunnan: Xishungbanna: Menglun, Chu s. n. Dec. 2, 1992 (HAST, TNU); Yunnan forest, Henry 9714 (TAI). Hainan: Hainan, Katsumada s. n. Jun. 1908 (TAIF). Taiwan: Taipei: Kuanyinshan, Miura & Fukuyama s. n. Nov. 3, 1940 (TAI). Taoyuan: China Fuel Factory, Chen 1871 (TNU). Hsinchu: Sintiku, Simpo, Simada 10400 (TAI). Nantou: Chikuko ad Nichigetsutan, Kudo & Sassaki, s. n. Sept. 21, 1929 (TAI); Fonghuangku, Kuo 10322 (TAI); inter Gojio et Rengechi (Wucheng to Lienhuachih), Yamamoto & Mori s. n. Nov. 2-3, 1932 (TAI); Luantashan, Kawakami & Hayata 97 (TAI); same loc., Kawakami & Mori 7072 (TAIF); in paludibus insulae innatae in Nichigetsutan prope Mukaiyama, Kudo & Sasaki 15632 (TAI); Puli, Yamamoto s. n. Oct. 23, 1929 (TAI); NTU Expt. Forest Forest Comp. No. 5, Kiang & Lo 37 (TAI); Rengechi, Hibino & Suzuki s. n. Jul. 18, 1936 (TAI); same loc., Hashioka s. n. Nov. 2, 1932 (TAI); Shueishe, Kawakami s. n. Dec. 1913 (TAIF). Kaohsing: Liukue to Tsaitiehku, elev. ca. 100 m, Huang et al. 14466 (TAI). Pingtung: Manchou Hsiang: along a road to Nanjenshan NTU sampling area, in Areca plantation, Y. J. Chen et al. 850 (TNU); Nanjenshan, elev. 400-450 m, Ohashi et al. 13838, 14315 (TAI); same loc., Peng 5522 (HAST, TNU); same loc., Chao 803 (TAI, TNU); same loc., Sasaki s. n. Oct. 26, 1920 (TAIF); Nanjen lake, elev. ca. 50 m, Wang & Hu Oct. 9, 1992 (TAI, HAST); Pinglang, along a rout to Nanjenshan, elev. 230 m, Hsu 8250 (TAI); Santi District: Shueimen. At bottom of the moist, roadside slope, near a ditch, elev. ca. 100 m, Peng 10251 (HAST); Tungyuan, elev. ca. 300 m, Yang 4672 (TAIF, HAST); same loc., Y. J. Chen et al. 853 (TNU).

India, the Himalayas, Indo-China Peninsula, Malaysia, China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxl, Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang).Taiwan, in swamps, marshes or broad-leaved forest at low altitudes. Flowering in Jun.-Jan., central in Oct.- Dec.

本種類目前主要分布在台灣中南部低海拔林下潮濕處，但日據時代Miura＆Fukuyama以及Simada也曾分別採自台灣北部之台北觀音山、新竹等地，本研究在桃園煉油廠附近也有發現，顯示本種植物早期可能分布於全省低海拔地區，之後隨著人為的開發漸為稀少，徐國士及呂勝由 (1984) 將之列為稀有及有滅絕危機的植物。 本種花被略呈不對稱，花瓣二型，其中一枚花瓣較狹長，為線形至倒披針形，相對於子房的三枚雄蕊基部癒合，這些特徵與Flora of Taiwan (Hsu, 1978) 內的手繪圖不符。

Phenology: perennial herbs, evergreen

Roors form: roots fibrous

Stems form: monomorphic stem

Monomorphic stems habit: procumbent

Rooting at nodes or not: rooting at nodes

Lateral shoots: perforating

Phyllotaxis: spiral phyllotaxis

Leaves: petiole: subpetiolate

Leaves: shape (if dimorphic leaves, selected by rosette leaves): lanceolate

Leaves: apex: acuminate

Leaves: length (cm): 6-7.5

Leaves: width (cm): 1.7-2.2

Leaves indumentum: upper surface: pubscent

Prophyll: sheathing, apex acute

Inflorescence: take plance: terminal

Inflorescence: thyrse

Bracts: shape: ovate, ovate, sometimes leaf-like

Corolla: zygomorphic: petal 3, base free, unequal

Flowers: bisexual

Sepals: sepal 3, equal

Sepals: color: greenish

Sepals: base: free

Sepals: shape: elliptic

Sepals: indumentum: glandular hairs

Sepals: length (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 3.5

Sepals: width (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 1.5

Flowers: color: pink, purple, or blue

Petals: shape: dimorphic: the lateral petals 2 oblanceolate; the medial petal oblong

Petals: length (mm): 3.3

Petals: width (mm): 1.5

Stamens form: dimorphic: fertile stamens 6

Ovarys: shape: globose

Ovarys: indumentum: glabrous

Ovarys: length (mm): 1

Styles: indumentum: glabrous

Styles: length (mm): 2.5

Capsules: dehiscence: dehiscent

Capsules: shape: ellipsoid

Capsules: bilocular

Capsules: indumentum: glabrous

Capsule locules seeds: number: 1

Capsules: length (mm): 2.5

Seeds: lengh (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 1.5

Seeds: width (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 1.2