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Flora of Taiwan | Family List | Orchidaceae | Calanthe

Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames, Philipp. J. Sci. Bot. 2: 326. 1907; Liu & Su, Fl. Taiwan 5: 915. 1978; Su, Quart. J. Expt. Forest. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 4(2): 148, pl. 2. 1990.

白鶴蘭

  • Calanthe brevicolumna Hayata
  • Calanthe furcata Batem ex Lindl.
  • Calanthe herbacea auct. non Lindl.: Yamam.
  • Calanthe triplicata f. purpureo-flora S. S. Ying
  • Calanthe veratrifolia R. Br.
  • Orchis triplicata Willem.

    Terrestrial herbs 50-60 cm tall. Rhizomes indistinct. Roots rather thick, usually 4-5 mm in diam. Pseudobulbs clavate, covered by leaf bases, 2-4 cm long, with 3-5 nodes. Leaves 3-6, fasciclate, petioled, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 22-35 cm long, 5-14 cm wide, apex acute, base narrow; petioles 8-14 cm long. Scapes 40-60 cm long, with 2 or 3 scales below; inflorescence more or less corymbose; bracts large, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm long; pedicel and ovary slender, 3-4 cm long. Flowers white, with spreading sepals and petals; sepals obovate-oblong, 1.2-1.6 cm long, 5-6 mm wide, acute or apiculate, lateral ones wider and more or less oblique; petals obovate-spatulate, 1.2 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, acute at apex, contracted at base; lip 1-1.5 cm long, spurred, 3-lobed, lateral lobes linear-falcate or elongate rectangular, 5-7 mm long, basal margin entire or wavy, central lobe deeply divided into 2 linear falcate lobules being much longer than lateral lobes, spur 1.2-2 cm long; column 5 mm long, fused laterally and ventrally with base of lip; anther fleshy, cordate, 4 mm long; pollinia yellowish, clavate, 3 mm long, attached to clavate viscidium; stigma 2-parted; rostellum deeply 2-lobed, lobes truncate at apex.

    TAIPEI: Hsintien, Shimizu s. n. Sep 1936. NANTOU: Kuangtaochi, Lin s. n. Sep 1972 Hueishun forest, Su 8306. KAOHSIUNG: Nanfongshan, Huang & Kao s. n. Sep 1972. PINGTUNG: Chufongshan, Su et al. 6938. Wanlideshan, Su et al. 8002. TAITUNG: Lanyu Is., Su 7873.

    Widely distributed from southern Japan, the Ryukyus, southern China, India, southward through Malaysia to Australia and the Pacific Islands. Taiwan, very common in forests below 1,500 m throughout the island.


     

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