矮水竹葉

Commelina spirata L., Mant. pl. 176. 1771. Aneilema spiratum (L.) Sweet, Hort. Suburb. Lond. 12. 1818; C. B. Clarke in DC., Monogr. Phanerog. 3: 207. 1881.

Perennial slender herbs. Roots fibrous, Stems prostrate at base, erect above, branched, puberulent along a line decurrent from the sheath, otherwise nearly glabrous; rooting at node. Leaves sessile; blade lanceolate, 1.8-2.9 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, apex acuminate or acute, glabrous, scabrescent at margins; sheath 4-5 mm long, puberulent at the mouth. Prophyll sheathing, ca. 5 mm long, apex bifid. Inflorescence terminal, a loose thyrse, composed of 1-3 cymes, 1-2 flowering shoots from axils of the cauline leaves; bracteoles persistent, deltoid, infundibuliform, perfoliate, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, glabrous; pedicels 6-7 mm long. Flowers dimorphic: in functionally male flowers the style central and straight, the pistil vestigial, ca. 2.6 mm long, stamens symmetrically arranged; in bisexual flowers the style curved to one side and stamens to the opposite side; sepals greenish, the apex reddish brown, boat-shaped, lanceolate, equal, ca. 3.8 mm long, ca. 1.8 mm wide, apex obtuse; petals suborbicular, 5.2-6 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, purple, veins obscure in fresh material, fertile stamens 3, equal, antesepalous, anthers purple, narrowly elliptic-oblong, ca.1 mm long; pollen whitish; filaments ca. 3.6 mm long, bearded, the hairs moniliform, purple; staminodes 3, equal, antepetalous, antherodes trilobed, yellow, ca. 1 mm long, filaments ca. 2.5 mm long, bearded; ovary ellipsoid in outline, acutely 3-angled, ca. 1.8 mm long; style thickened toward the base, ca. 2.5 mm long, glabrous. Capsule trilocular, 3-valved, ellipsoid, 3-angled, ca. 3.8 mm long, 2 mm across, locules 4-seeded, apex mucronulate. Seed brown, dimorphic: seeds in the end of the capsule deltoid in outline, others trapezoidal, 0.5-0.8 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm across, dorsiventral, dorsal surface slightly convex, ventral carinate, verrucose, embryotega lateral or semilateral, hilum punctiform. Chromosome number: n = 20.

Hsinchu: Lienhuashih, elev. ca. 50-100m, Yang et al. 4977 (TAIF, HAST); same loc., Peng 7244, 8600, 9461 (HAST), Peng et al. 11188, 12223 (HAST); same loc., Y. J. Chen et al. 401, 897 (TNU). Miaoli: Tikunan, Simada 1027A (TAI).

South USA, India, Sri Lanka, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan), Philippines, Indonesia, Pacific Islands. Taiwan, in sedgy, sandy ditch and on alluvial flat, elev. ca. 10m. Flowering in Jul.- Jan., central in Aug.- Oct.

本種植物由Peng (1987) 首度記錄，迄今僅在新竹蓮花寺的沼澤地區發現一個採集點，本種植物植株纖細常叢生在一起，密錐花序頂生，花深紫色，可孕雄蕊及退化雄蕊各3枚，花絲皆著生念珠狀毛，種子明顯小於同屬的其他分類群，形態上極易區別。

Phenology: perennial herbs, evergreen

Roors form: roots fibrous

Stems form: monomorphic stem

Monomorphic stems habit: procumbent

Rooting at nodes or not: rooting at nodes

Lateral shoots: not perforating

Phyllotaxis: spiral phyllotaxis

Leaves: petiole: sessile

Leaves: shape (if dimorphic leaves, selected by rosette leaves): lanceolate

Leaves: apex: acuminate, acute

Leaves: length (cm): 1.8-2.9

Leaves: width (cm): 3-6

Leaves indumentum: upper surface: glabrous

If upper surface glabrous, leaves indumentum: margin: pubscent

Prophyll: sheathing, apex bifid

Inflorescence: take plance: terminal

Inflorescence: thyrse

Bracts: shape: triangular

Corolla: actinomorphic: petal 3, base free, equal or subequal

Flowers: bisexual, functionally male flowers

Sepals: sepal 3, equal

Sepals: color: greenish

Sepals: base: free

Sepals: shape: lanceolate

Sepals: indumentum: glabrous

Sepals: length (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 3.8

Sepals: width (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 1.8

Flowers: color: pink, purple, or blue

Petals: shape: suborbicular

Petals: length (mm): 5.2-6

Petals: width (mm): 5-6

Stamens form: dimorphic: fertile stamens 3

Ovarys: shape: ellipsoid

Ovarys: indumentum: glabrous

Ovarys: length (mm): 1.8

Styles: indumentum: glabrous

Styles: length (mm): 2.5

Capsules: dehiscence: dehiscent

Capsules: shape: ellipsoid, globoid

Capsules: trilocular

Capsules: indumentum: glabrous

Capsule locules seeds: number: 4

Capsules: length (mm): 3.8

Seeds: lengh (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 0.5-0.8

Seeds: width (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 0.8