Pollia secundiflora in Digital Flora of Taiwan @ efloras.org

Pollia secundiflora (Blume) Bakh. f, Blumea. 6: 399. 1950; D. Y. Hong,.

叢林杜若 (長花枝杜若)

Aclisia secundiflora (Blume) Bakh. f., Fl. Jav. 3: 658. 1968. Aneilema secundiflorum Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 69. 1843. Commelina secundiflora Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 3. 1827. Aclisia sorzogonensis E. Mey. In Presl. Rel. Haenck. 1: 138. Tab. 25. 1830. Pollia sorzogonensis (E. Mey.) Endl., Gen. Pl. 1029. 1836-1840; Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2. 2: 368. 1841; Benth., Fl. Hongkong. 377. 1861; C. B. Clarde in DC., Monogr. Phanerog. 3: 126. 1881; Henry, List Pl. Formos.. 98. 1896; Brown, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 159. 1903.

Perennial herbs, 55-110 cm tall. Roots fibrous. Leaves subpetiolate; blade reduced towards inflorescence, broadly elliptic, 10-26 cm long, 2.3-6 cm wide, apex acuminate, base attenuate, sparse puberulent above, uncinate and puberulent beneath, the midrib impressed above, raised beneath; sheaths cylindrical, overlapping, densely covered with short uncinate hairs. Inflorescence a terminal thyrse; peduncle sparsely covered with short uncinate hairs; bracts lorate-laceolate, sometimes leaf-like, 6.5-11 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, sparsely uncinate or glabrous; bracteoles deltoid, infundibuliform, perfoliate, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 1.5-2 mm wide, glabrous; pedicel ca. 3.8 mm long, glabrous. Flowers actinomorphic, dimorphic: in functionally male flowers the pistil abortive, ca. 3 mm long; in bisexual flowers the pistil ca. 8.5 mm long; sepals 3, free, white, persistent, elliptic, concave, 3.4-3.6 mm long, 2.45-3.4 mm wide, apex obtuse, glabrous; petals 3, white, subequal, obovate, 4-5.6 mm long, 3.8-4.5 mm wide, apex acute, base attenuate; stamens 6, dimorphic, fertile stamens 3, anticous, anthers white, elliptic, ca. 1.3 mm long; filaments ca. 4-6.75 mm long; staminodes 3, posticous, antherodes yellow, elliptic, ca. 0.6 mm long; filaments 4.5-5.5 mm long; ovary globose-ellipsoid, ca. 1.5 mm long; style ca. 7 mm long. Capsules indehiscent, trilocular, each locule 8 seeded, indigo, metallic, globose, diam. ca. 6 mm. Seeds biseriate, polygonal, dorsiventral, 1.3-1.4 mm long, 1.5-1.9 mm wide, ca. 0.75 mm thick, scrobiculate, embryotega dorsal, sunken, hilum punctiform. Chromosome number: n = 16.

Taichung: Hoping Hsiang 520 Forest road, Wang 01802 (HAST, TAIF). Nantou: Hsini District: Shuili. Along a paved road to dormitory area of Tai Power Company, elev. ca. 350-400 m, Peng et al. 11949 (HAST); Hui-Sun Experimental forest Camp. Area, Y. J. Chen & Hsu 758 (TNU); Kisito (Kueitzutou), Kawakami & Shimada s. n. Jan. 2, 1906 (TAIF); Kuangtaochi, Chang 2141 (TAI); Randaizan (Luantashan), Kawakami et al. s. n. 1907 (TAIF). Chiayi.: Chuchi Hsiang, Kuanyin Water Fall. Roadside, elev. ca. 400-450 m, Yen 6827 (HAST); Fanlu Hsiang, Tsaoshan Village, en route to Lienyun Waterfall, elev. ca. 220-250 m, Peng et al. 13454 (HAST); Tap'u District: Chiayi Farm, near Szuwei Bridge, elev. ca. 250 m, Peng 7107 (HAST); Tapu Hsiang: Watershed area of Tsengwen Dam, along a trail from bridge #4, Y. J. Chen et al. 803 (TNU); same loc., on Check station, Y. J. Chen et al. 817 (TNU). Tainan: Guantsulin, Huang 994 (TAI); Tungshan District, Mt. Kantoushan, Hsienkungmiao (Temple), elev. ca. 550-690 m, Peng 7076, 7081, 7083 (HAST). Kaohsiung: Chiahsien Hsiang: Paolai. On the way to Shihtung hot spring, elev. ca. 620-580 m, Lu & Sang 704 (TNU); Liukuei Hsiang: Fuhsing, elev. ca. 150-250 m, Chen 640 (HAST); same loc., Peng & Chen 11212 (HAST); Liukuei: near Shanping Forest Research Experiment Station, elev. ca. 500 m, Peng & Chen 11237 (HAST); Shanping. Disturbed broadleaf forest, elev. ca. 400 m, Chen & Wang 333 (HAST); Sanping, Kuoh 4012 (TAI); same loc.,. Moo 2165 (TAI); same loc., Ou & Kao 9212 (TAI); same loc., Summer Collection Team. Jul. 1983 & Jul. 1986 (TNU); en route from Shanping to Tenchuan, elev. ca. 750-1100 m, Wang et al. 9675 (TNU); Shuansi, Lin 13 (TAIF); Taoyuan Hsiang: en route from Tengchih to Liukuei, elev. ca. 1500-2000 m, Chen 596 (HAST); Pengchishan, elev. ca. 700-800 m, Y. J. Chen 440 (TNU). Pingtung: Chunjih Hsiang: on start point of Chichia Forest Road, Y. J. Chen & Hong 390 (TNU); Ira-sya, Heito, Suzuki s. n. Sep. 1, 1932 (TAI); Laiyi, elev. ca. 200-300 m, Huang et al. 16082 (TAI); Liangshan, Y. J. Chen & Huang 339, 770 (TNU); same loc., elev. ca. 200-500 m, Yang 27206 (PPI); same loc., Liao 142 (PPI); Litingshan. Y. J. Chen & Huang 774, 780 (TNU); Mt. Kaoshihfoshan, elev. ca. 200-500 m, Ohashi 13575 (TAI); Kasagizan, Matuda s. n. Jun. 1, 1916 (TAIF); Man-Chou Hsiang: Lanjenhsi, Y. J. Chen et al. 849 (TNU); Raisya, Matuda 1084 (TAI); Santi Hsiang: Chingshan village: Haishenkung, along a trail by a stream, Liu et al. 789 (HAST, TAIF); Shoucha to Shinwha, Keng & Liu 2774 (TAI); Tahanshan check point, Mileage sign from 1.5 km to 2 km, Y. J. Chen et al. 521 (TNU). Hualien: Chohsi District: between Luming and Lanshan, en route to Walabi, elev. ca. 420-600 m, Peng & Chen 11676 (HAST); Hungyeh, s. coll. s. n. Jul. 1988 (TNU); between Hutsune et Takimi, Kudo & Mori s. n. Jul. 9, 1930 (TAI); Taroko National Park: en route from Yuehwangting to Yenhai Forest Road. Disturbed broadleaf forest. Moist trailside, elev. ca. 750 m, Peng & Leu 13343 (HAST); Wanjung District: Hungyeh Village: Hungyeh Hot Spring, elev. ca. 200-400 m, Peng & Chen 11635, 11636, 11637 (HAST). Taitung: Botel Tobago: Lantao village, Huang et al. 9265 (TAI); Chihpen Hsiang: Chihpen Forest Recration Area. Roadside, elev. ca. 300-400 m, Lin et al. 655 (HAST); Chihpen to Chuifen, Hosokawa s. n. Ang. 19, 1932 (TAI); same loc., Hosokawa 5177 (TAI); Chih-pen-wu-chien-hou-shan, Hsu & Hsu 4044 (TAI); along Hungtou river, elev. ca. 200-400 m, Hsu 9396 (TAI); same loc., Hosokawa 8117 (TAI); Daibu (Paroe), Kawakami 6030 (TAIF); Isl. Lanyu, Hungtou to air port, elev. ca. 10-30 m, Tateishi 15380 (TAI); Isl. Kutosyo, Sata 1117 (TAI); same loc., Sasaki s. n. Jun. 1926 (TAI); Lanyu: Jung-Aih Bridge, elev. ca. 0-20 m, Wang et al. 6023 (TNU); same loc., Lu 25241 (TAIF); Lanyu Hsiang: en route from Yujenhsi (Fisherman River) to Hungtoushan, elev. ca. 270 m, Peng 6669 (HAST); Lanyu Hsiang: from Tungching to Langtao, S. Y. Lu 25495 (TNU); inter Tipon et Oiwake, Suzuki 10629 (TAI); Orchid Island, Huang & Kao 5430 (TAI); same loc., Loa 199 (TAIF); Peinan Hsiang: Tunghsing. On broadleaved forest, Wang 1571 (HAST); Yizuntsuan, Huang & Kao 5098 (TAI).

India, Sri Lanka, Sikkim, Bhutan, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, China (Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxl, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hongkong), the Ryukyus, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia. Taiwan, in southern part, under forest in damp and semishady places from 10-2000 m. Flowering in Mar.- Nov., central in Jun.-Nov.

本分類群營養器官和P. japonica類似，然而葉柄明顯，葉子較小，可以區別，但蘭嶼的族群，葉柄不明顯，由葉向下延伸形成帶翅的柄，且葉子較大，較難區別，必需進一步比較被毛情形，P. japonica花序上密布長鉤毛，葉面上密布短粗糙毛，P. secundiflora花序上被短鉤毛，葉面疏被短軟毛，是穩定且可資區別的特徵。 Hong (1997) 描述本種植物退化雄蕊具較短的花絲，然而本研究所觀察的族群，可稔及退化雄蕊花絲幾乎等長，而且皆明顯低於雌蕊。

Phenology: perennial herbs, evergreen

Roors form: roots fibrous

Stems form: monomorphic stem

Monomorphic stems habit: rhizomatous

Rooting at nodes or not: rooting at nodes

Lateral shoots: perforating

Phyllotaxis: spiral phyllotaxis

Leaves: petiole: subpetiolate

Leaves: shape (if dimorphic leaves, selected by rosette leaves): elliptic

Leaves: apex: acuminate

Leaves: length (cm): 10-26

Leaves: width (cm): 2.3-6