狹葉水竹葉

Aneilema angustifolium Brown, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 151. 1903. Aneilema kainantensis Masam.in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 33: 27. 1943. Murdannia kainantensis (Masam.) D. Y. Hong, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12 (4): 474, 1974; D. Y. Hong et al., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 13 (3): 108 1997. Murdannia loriformis auct. non Rolla Rao et Kammathy (1961): D. Y. Hong, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12 (4): 473, 1974; D. Y. Hong et al., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 13 (3): 108 1997. Aneilema sinicum auct. non Ker-Gawl. (1822): Henry, List Pl. Formos. 98 (Henry 1897). 1896.

Perennial herbs. Roots fibrous, thickened, ca. 2.6 mm thick. Stems puberulent, dimorphic: the vegetative shoot acaulescent, erect; the flowering shoot one to several per plant, ascending. Rosette leaves linear, 15-25 cm long, 1.4-5 mm wide, apex acuminate, glabrous, sometimes conduplicate; cauline leaves shorter, linear to lanceolate, 3-5 cm long, 3-4.4 mm wide; sheath puberulent. Prophyll sheathing, 0.7-1.5 cm long, apex bifid. Inflorescence terminal, consisting of a single cincinnus, 1-3 flowering shoots from a axil of the cauline leaves; bracteoles ovate, ca. 3.5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, fugacious; pedicels 4-5 mm long. Flowers dimorphic: in functionally male flowers the style central and straight, the pistil vestigial, ca. 3.85 mm long, stamens symmetrically arranged; in bisexual flowers the style curved to one side and stamens to the opposite side; sepals lanceolate, boat-shaped, base reddish purple, others greenish, equal, ca. 3.85 mm long, 2 mm wide, apex obtuse; petals suborbicular, 5-7.6 mm long, 3.7-7.4 mm wide, purple, veins obscure in fresh material material, Fertile stamens 2, equal, antesepalous, anthers purple to black, narrowly elliptic-oblong, ca.1 mm long; pollen whitish; filaments ca. 4 mm long, bearded, the hairs moniliform, purple; staminodes 4, unequal, one antesepalous, the anther vestigial, the filament ca. 3.4 mm long, bearded; the others antepetalous, equal, antherodes trilobed, yellow, ca. 0.8 mm long, filaments ca. 2.5 mm long, bearded; ovary ellipsoid in outline, acutely 3-angled, ca. 1.4 mm long; style thickened toward the base, ca. 4 mm long, glabrous. Capsule trilocular, locules 2-seeded, 3-valved, ellipsoid, 3-angled, 4-5 mm long, apex mucronulate. Seed brown, deltoid in outline, 1.7-1.9 mm long, 1.3-1.8 mm across, apex acute, base truncate, dorsiventral, dorsal surface convex, ventral carinate, scrobiculate, tomentose, embryotega semilateral, hilum linear. Chromosome number: n = 19, 20.

Hainan: Yai county to Le-an, Masamune & Fukuyama s. n. Dec. 2, 1940 (TAI, type). Kaohsiung: Takow, Henry 1897 (TAI, carbon copy). Pingtung: Chialuoshui, coastal area, elev. ca. 0-50m, Peng 12626 (HAST); Kuraru (Kueitsuchiao), Sasaki s. n. May. 12, 1932 (TAI); Maopitou, ca. 10 km S. of Hengchun Town., Peng 7181 (HAST); same loc., Peng & Leu 12542 (HAST); same loc., Y. J. Chen et al. 845 (TNU); Oluanpi, Ou & Kao 9018 (TAI); same loc., Y. J. Chen et al. 852 (TNU).

South China (Sichuan, Guangdong, Hongkong). Taiwan, only found in seashore of the Hengchun Paninsula. Flowering in Jul.- Sep.

此分類群首先由N. E. Brown (1903) 根據Henry採自Takow的標本 (Henry 1897) 發表為新種，Matsumura & Hayata (1906)，Masamune (1936)皆紀錄台灣存在此分類群；而Hong (1974, 1997) 將之列為M. loriformis的異名；Hsu (1978) 則列為M. simplex的異名，顯示這些相關類群在形態上十分類似，然而本種植物在台灣侷限分布於恆春半島海岸地區，葉線形，狹長，葉寬小於5 mm，葉常沿中肋折疊，根粗可達4 mm，葉及根皆從一個圓柱狀似球莖的莖長出，花萼基部暗紅色，和花梗相連處為黑色，可孕雄蕊及退化雄蕊花絲上著生深紫色念珠狀毛； M. loriformis廣泛分布於全省，葉寬於5 mm，根較細，寬小於2 mm，退化雄蕊上少有念珠狀毛，毛為透明-淡紫色，種子表面有網紋或輻射紋，但沒有窩孔，和M. angustifolia不同；M. simplex主要分布於非洲 (Brenan, 1952)，中國大陸亦存在此分類群 (Hong, 1974, 1997) 記錄，其花序為圓錐花序，種子具有許多白色瘤點，瘤點成以胚蓋為中心的輻射狀排列；本研究取得來自非洲的新鮮材料進行形態的比較，確認M. simplex為頂生圓錐花序，花瓣上具有紫色的脈，植株具有走莖，而台灣目前尚未發現存在此分類群；因此早期的紀錄可能為錯誤的鑑定。

Phenology: perennial herbs, evergreen

Roors form: roots fibrous, fleshy

Stems form: monomorphic stem, dimorphic stem

Monomorphic stems habit: acaulescent

Dimorphic stems habit: vegetative shoot acaulescent, erect; flowering shoots ascending

Rooting at nodes or not: absent

Lateral shoots: not perforating

Phyllotaxis: spiral phyllotaxis

Leaves: petiole: sessile

Leaves: shape (if dimorphic leaves, selected by rosette leaves): linear

Leaves: apex: acuminate

Leaves: length (cm): 15-25

Leaves: width (cm): 0.1-0.5

Leaves indumentum: upper surface: glabrous

If upper surface glabrous, leaves indumentum: margin: glabrous

Prophyll: sheathing, apex bifid

Inflorescence: take plance: terminal

Inflorescence: rhipidium

Bracts: shape: ovate

Corolla: actinomorphic: petal 3, base free, equal or subequal

Flowers: bisexual, functionally male flowers

Sepals: sepal 3, equal

Sepals: color: greenish

Sepals: base: free

Sepals: shape: lanceolate

Sepals: indumentum: glabrous

Sepals: length (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 3.85

Sepals: width (if dimorphic sepals, selected by anticous two) (mm): 2

Flowers: color: pink, purple, or blue

Petals: shape: suborbicular

Petals: length (mm): 5-7.6

Petals: width (mm): 3.7-7.4

Stamens form: trimorphic: fertile stamens 2

Ovarys: shape: ellipsoid

Ovarys: indumentum: glabrous

Ovarys: length (mm): 1.4

Styles: indumentum: glabrous

Styles: length (mm): 4

Capsules: dehiscence: dehiscent, indehiscent

Capsules: shape: ellipsoid

Capsules: trilocular

Capsules: indumentum: glabrous

Capsule locules seeds: number: 2

Capsules: length (mm): 4-5

Seeds: lengh (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 1.7-1.9

Seeds: width (if dimorphic seeds, selected by dorsal one) (mm): 1.3-1.8