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22. Agapetes D. Don ex G. Don, Gen. Hist. 3: 862. 1834.

树萝卜属 shu luo bo shu

Fang Ruizheng (方瑞征 Fang Rhui-cheng); Peter F. Stevens

Agapetes mannii

Credit: Harvard University Herbaria

Caligula Klotzsch; Corallobotrys J. D. Hooker; Desmogyne King & Prain; Pentapterygium Klotzsch.

Shrubs evergreen, epiphytic, rarely terrestrial trees, usually with a swollen rootstock. Leaves spirally arranged, subopposite, or pseudoverticillate, subsessile or shortly petiolate, margin entire or serrate. Flowers axillary, in racemes, corymbs, or fascicles, or solitary. Pedicel articulate, sometimes expanded and forming a cup apically; bracteoles basal, small. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx sometimes 5-winged or -angled; limb 5-fid or deeply -lobed. Corolla red, rarely white or yellow, ± plain colored or with dark colored zig-zag horizontal bands, tubular, rarely globose, urceolate, or campanulate, often more than 1 cm, usually shortly 5-lobed. Stamens 10, ± as long as corolla; filaments short or long; anthers dorsally spurred or not, with 2 long tubules opening by apical pores or slits. Disk annular. Ovary inferior, many ovules per carpel, 10-pseudoloculed by false partitions; stigma small, truncate or capitate. Berry globose, succulent or nearly dry; calyx persistent. Seeds several; testa hard or mucilaginous.

About 80 species: from the E Himalayas through SW China and Indochina to SE Asia; 53 species (17 endemic) in China.

The majority of species of Agapetes is part of the same lineage as many SE Asian-Malesian species of Vaccinium. Species of Agapetes from New Guinea and the SW Pacific are now placed in Paphia Seemann.

There was no satisfactory way to include three of the Chinese species in the following key: for Agapetes camelliifolia (species no. 33) and A. leiocarpa (no. 29) no flowering material was seen, and in A. malipoensis (no. 44) the leaves are sometimes subopposite.


1 Leaves pseudoverticillate.   (2)
+ Leaves scattered.   (7)
       
2 (1) Inflorescence with glandular hairs.   (3)
+ Inflorescence glabrous.   (5)
       
3 (2) Leaves densely glandular hirsute; inflorescence corymbose.   13 Agapetes ciliata
+ Leaves glabrous; inflorescence shortly racemose or fasciculate.   (4)
       
4 (3) Leaf blade obovate or oblong-lanceolate, 20–24 × 8–11 cm, with a distinct intramarginal vein; calyx lobes ca. 1 cm.   2 Agapetes marginata
+ Leaf blade narrowly elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 8–11 × 3–6 cm, rigidly leathery, with an inconspicuous marginal vein; calyx lobes 3–5 mm.   4 Agapetes aborensis
       
5 (2) Leaf blade ca. 10 × 0.8–2 cm; corolla 1.5–1.6 cm, lobes ca. 2.5 mm.   12 Agapetes salicifolia
+ Leaf blade to 25 cm; corolla 3–6 cm, lobes 4–11 mm.   (6)
       
6 (5) Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, 10–25 × 2–4.5 cm; corolla 4–6 cm, pinkish or rose, with dark purple transverse zig-zag bands, lobes ca. 1.1 cm.   6 Agapetes burmanica
+ Leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate, 12–18 × 4.5–8 cm; corolla ca. 3 cm, vermilion or crimson, lobes ca. 4 mm.   10 Agapetes miniata
       
7 (1) Filaments longer than thecae; flowers solitary or 2–4(–6) in a fascicle, sometimes a corymb or raceme.   (8)
+ Filaments shorter than thecae; inflorescence corymbose, rarely racemose or flowers fasciculate or solitary.   (21)
       
8 (7) Leaf blade (3–)5–17 cm.   (9)
+ Leaf blade less than 2.5 cm.   (13)
       
9 (8) Inflorescences glabrous.   (10)
+ Inflorescences variously pubescent and/or glandular hairy.   (11)
       
10 (9) Leaf blade 10–17 cm; pedicel ca. 2.6 cm.   9 Agapetes brandisiana
+ Leaf blade 5–8 cm; pedicel 5–8 mm.   11 Agapetes graciliflora
       
11 (9) Inflorescence racemose, 5- or 6-flowered; pedicels 4–7 mm.   42 Agapetes inopinata
+ Inflorescence fasciculate, 1–4-flowered; pedicels 0.6–2 cm.   (12)
       
12 (11) Branches pubescent and glandular setose; corolla crimson or carmine, tubular, 1.3–1.9 cm.   43 Agapetes oblonga
+ Branches glabrous; corolla green, shortly campanulate, 5–7 mm.   41 Agapetes pilifera
       
13 (8) Leaf margin crenulate or serrate.   (14)
+ Leaf blade entire, recurved.   (17)
       
14 (13) Leaf blade ovate or elliptic, base obtuse or rounded.   (15)
+ Leaf blade obovate or subelliptic, base cuneate.   (16)
       
15 (14) Flowers solitary or 2 together from axils along branch; twigs rust-colored pilose; leaf margin crenulate-serrate.   50 Agapetes anonyma
+ Flowers 2–5 from subterminal leaf axils; twigs densely dark brown glandular setose; leaf margin serrate.   52 Agapetes guangxiensis
       
16 (14) Inflorescence shortly racemose; bract leaflike, 1.3–1.5 × ca. 1.1 cm, bracteoles oblong, 4–6 × ca. 2 mm.   51 Agapetes rubrobracteata
+ Flowers solitary, axillary; bracts and bracteoles less than 3 mm.   53 Agapetes spissa
       
17 (13) Calyx densely puberulous or glabrous outside; pedicels 4–10 mm, glabrous.   (18)
+ Calyx densely glandular villous or glandular setose and pubescent outside; pedicels 1–5 mm, glandular villous or glandular pubescent.   (19)
       
18 (17) Corolla tubular, 1.1–1.5 cm, white or greenish white; stem densely puberulous.   45 Agapetes mannii
+ Corolla campanulate, 6–7 mm, deep red; stem glabrous or hispid.   46 Agapetes obovata
       
19 (17) Leaf blade hirsute abaxially.   47 Agapetes pensilis
+ Leaf blade glabrous abaxially.   (20)
       
20 (19) Leaf apex abruptly narrowed into a long pungent mucro.   48 Agapetes epacridea
+ Leaf apex rounded, apiculus minute.   49 Agapetes brachypoda var. gracilis
       
21 (7) Calyx tube 5-winged, lobes obvious; corolla usually 5-angled; peduncle to 10 mm.   (22)
+ Calyx and corolla not winged or angled; peduncle usually elongate.   (27)
       
22 (21) Corolla yellow.   (23)
+ Corolla reddish brown, purple, or white.   (24)
       
23 (22) Leaf base rounded; pedicels and calyx pubescent; calyx lobes triangular-ovate, ca. 8 mm; anthers with 2 spurs.   14 Agapetes flava
+ Leaf base shallowly cordate or obtuse; pedicel and calyx glabrous; calyx lobes suborbicular, ca. 3 mm; anthers without spurs.   16 Agapetes listeri
       
24 (22) Corolla 1.5–2 cm; inflorescence corymbose.   (25)
+ Corolla 2–3.4 cm; inflorescence shortly racemose.   (26)
       
25 (24) Calyx lobes ca. 5 mm; corolla ca. 1.9 cm; leaf blade with serrate margin, adaxially very rugose.   15 Agapetes incurvata
+ Calyx lobes ca. 10 mm; corolla ca. 1.5 cm; leaf blade with subentire margin, adaxially distinctly reticulate.   17 Agapetes medogensis
       
26 (24) Leaf blade oblanceolate to obovate, apex acuminate to acute; calyx lobes 9–13 mm; stem puberulous.   18 Agapetes pyrolifolia
+ Leaf blade elliptic, apex acute or apiculate; calyx lobes 6–9(–10) mm; stem hirtellous or glandular setose.   19 Agapetes interdicta
       
27 (21) Leaf blade more than (4–)6 cm.   (28)
+ Leaf blade less than 6 cm.   (40)
       
28 (27) Leaf blade less than 1.5 cm wide, linear or linear-lanceolate.   (29)
+ Leaf blade more than 1.5 cm wide, oblong or ovate-lanceolate.   (30)
       
29 (28) Leaf margin shallowly and remotely undulate-denticulate towards apex; corolla ca. 2.2 cm, crimson or carmine; pedicel enlarged into a disk apically.   26 Agapetes nutans
+ Leaf margin entire; corolla 1.3–1.4 cm, green, glaucescent; pedicel enlarged into a cup apically.   27 Agapetes linearifolia
       
30 (28) Corolla lobed nearly to middle   1 Agapetes lobbii
+ Corolla lobed less than 1/4 its length.   (31)
       
31 (30) Leaf blade 28–34 × 7–13.5 cm.   8 Agapetes macrophylla
+ Leaf blade to 17(–22) × (1–)2–10 cm.   (32)
       
32 (31) Pedicel at most clavate towards apex; leaf margin usually at least inconspicuously toothed, except A. megacarpa.   (33)
+ Pedicel enlarged into a cup apically; leaf margin entire.   (37)
       
33 (32) Pedicel and calyx pubescent; leaf blade 3–10 cm wide, with very distinct intramarginal veins.   3 Agapetes pubiflora
+ Pedicel and calyx glabrous; leaf blade less than 4 cm wide, lacking distinct intramarginal vein.   (34)
       
34 (33) Calyx lobes less than 3 mm; twigs strongly angled.   7 Agapetes angulata
+ Calyx lobes 4–8 mm; twigs terete or weakly angled.   (35)
       
35 (34) Corolla creamy yellow; anthers with spurs.   5 Agapetes megacarpa
+ Corolla red or purple; anthers lacking spurs.   (36)
       
36 (35) Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, 10–21 × 2–4.5 cm; petiole ca. 1 cm; corolla ca. 1.7 cm, bluish purple.   24 Agapetes xizangensis
+ Leaf blade ovate-oblong or broadly elliptic, 7.5–14 × 3–5.5 cm, subsessile; corolla ca. 2.5 cm, red.   25 Agapetes subsessilifolia
       
37 (32) Calyx limb entire, expanded; corolla ca. 4.5 cm or more.   20 Agapetes neriifolia
+ Calyx limb 5-lobed; corolla 2–3 cm.   (38)
       
38 (37) Calyx limb divided to 2/3 length.   21 Agapetes pseudogriffithii
+ Calyx limb divided to base.   (39)
       
39 (38) Leaf blade oblong, 8–15 × 2–5 cm, base cuneate; calyx lobes ovate; corolla ± tubular, strongly 5-angled.   22 Agapetes griffithii
+ Leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, 7–12.5 × 1.5–3.2 cm, base rounded; calyx lobes narrowly triangular; corolla narrowly funnelform, ca. 2 cm, not angled.   23 Agapetes hyalocheilos
       
40 (27) Inflorescence corymbose; leaf apex acuminate or caudate; twigs glabrous or pubescent, rarely setose.   (41)
+ Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3, rarely 3–8, subfasciculate; leaf apex acute, obtuse, or apiculate; twigs setose or hispidulous.   (43)
       
41 (40) Leaf margin entire; inflorescence 2- or 3-flowered; calyx lobes ca. 3 mm.   31 Agapetes leucocarpa
+ Leaf margin serrate; inflorescence 4–8-flowered; calyx lobes ca. 1.5 mm or more than 5 mm.   (42)
       
42 (41) Pedicel clavate towards apex; calyx lobes ca. 1.5 mm; twigs densely setose.   30 Agapetes forrestii
+ Pedicel forming a cup apically; calyx lobes 5–6 mm; twigs glabrous or pubescent.   28 Agapetes discolor
       
43 (40) Corolla urceolate, 5–8 mm, 5-winged or 5-angled.   (44)
+ Corolla tubular or cylindric, (1.2–)2–3 cm, not angled or winged.   (45)
       
44 (43) Flowers 1 or 2; corolla with ca. 2 mm wide wings, lemon-yellow.   39 Agapetes miranda
+ Flowers 3–8, subfasciculate; corolla strongly 5-angled, cherry-red.   40 Agapetes praestigiosa
       
45 (43) Calyx tube 5-winged; pedicel along with calyx wings glandular setose; leaves often appearing to be in two ranks.   37 Agapetes serpens
+ Calyx tube at most angled; pedicel and calyx glabrous to pubescent, rarely with glandular hairs; leaves not 2-ranked.   (46)
       
46 (45) Inflorescence with peduncle ca. 1.5 cm; corolla puberulous along angles, lobes 4–6 mm.   34 Agapetes mitrarioides
+ Inflorescence fasciculate or flowers solitary; corolla glabrous outside, lobes at least 4–6 mm.   (47)
       
47 (46) Pedicels and calyx densely pubescent or glandular pubescent or villous.   (48)
+ Pedicels and calyx tube glabrous.   (49)
       
48 (47) Leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 1.5–2.8 cm; corolla lobes 4–6 mm.   32 Agapetes buxifolia
+ Leaf blade elliptic, 0.7–2 cm; corolla lobes ca. 3 mm.   36 Agapetes lacei
       
49 (47) Pedicels ca. 1 cm.   38 Agapetes praeclara
+ Pedicels 1.5–2.5 cm; corolla lobes 7–8.5 mm.   (50)
       
50 (49) Leaf blade ovate; corolla 1.6–1.8 cm.   35 Agapetes refracta
+ Leaf blade elliptic; corolla 2–3 cm.   36 Agapetes lacei

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