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2. Castanea Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 1: [278]. 1754.
栗属 li shu
Trees or rarely shrubs, deciduous. Bark furrowed. Axillary buds of most apical leaves in false-terminal buds, usually enclosed by 2 outer scales, imbricate within. Leaves spirally arranged but twisted and appearing 2-ranked; secondary veins ± parallel. Male inflorescences erect catkins; flowers in clusters of 1-3(-5) with each cluster subtended by a bract; perianth 6-parted; stamens 10-12(-20); rudimentary pistil pubescent. Female flowers borne on proximal part of androgynous inflorescences, rarely on a separate inflorescence, usually 3 and subtended by 1 symmetric cupule; ovary 6-9-loculed; styles 6-9; stigmas terminal, minutely punctiform. Cupules splitting into 2-4 valves; bracts spinelike. Nuts 1-3 per cupule. Germination hypogeal.
About 12 species: Asia, Europe, North America; four species (two endemic, one introduced) in China.
Most species are cultivated for edible nuts and durable wood.
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Nut 1 per cupule, usually longer than wide |
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4 Castanea henryi |
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Nuts usually 2 or 3 per cupule, usually shorter than wide. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade abaxially often without scalelike glands but at least when young densely covered with tomentose or stellate hairs |
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1 Castanea mollissima |
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Leaf blade abaxially covered with scalelike glands. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade glabrous or abaxially sparsely pubescent along veins |
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2 Castanea seguinii |
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Leaf blade abaxially tomentose |
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3 Castanea crenata |
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Lower Taxa
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