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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 16 | Asclepiadaceae

44. Ceropegia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 211. 1753.

吊灯花属 diao deng hua shu

Herbs perennial, erect or twining, sap clear or cloudy, rarely milky. Rootstock often a cluster of fusiform roots or a subglobose tuber, sometimes a rhizome [or with fibrous roots only]. Stems herbaceous [to very succulent]. Inflorescences extra-axillary [rarely terminal], mostly umbel-like, less often racemelike and sometimes branched. Flowers usually large. Calyx deeply 5-parted; basal glands many, small. Corolla tubular, base swollen, often asymmetrically, upper part often funnelform; lobes usually slender and coherent at apex. Corona double, outer lobes 5, joined to form a cup, entire to deeply 2-lobed so that outer corona is 10-toothed; inner lobes 5, subulate to narrowly spatulate, basally incumbent on anthers, apical part usually long, erect. Filaments connate into a very short tube; anthers without apical appendages; pollinia 2 per pollinarium, erect, inner angle with a prominent translucent margin. Stigma head convex or impressed. Follicles linear, fusiform, or cylindric.

About 170 species: mostly Africa, extending through tropical Asia and Oceania; 17 species in China.

The elaborate flowers of species of Ceropegia are particularly difficult to study from dried material, and this account must be regarded as provisional.


1 Rootstock a subglobose tuber up to 3 cm in diam., roots sometimes thickened but not distinctly fusiform; leaf blade hastate; corolla exterior minutely hairy, lobes joined for apical third to half to form flat "roof"   1 Ceropegia aridicola
+ Rootstock where known a cluster of fusiform roots and/or an elongated rhizome, subglobose tuber absent; leaf blade linear-lanceolate to ovate; corolla exterior glabrous, lobes joined at tip only to form open "cage."   (2)
       
2 (1) Apex of flower buds abruptly narrowed at throat into beak with swollen tip; corolla lobes distinctly spatulate.   (3)
+ Apex of flower buds rounded or if beaked, not swollen at tip; corolla lobes linear-oblong to ovate.   (4)
       
3 (2) Corolla very slender, up to 3.5 mm wide at throat, lobes 1.8-2 cm   11 Ceropegia trichantha
+ Corolla broader, 5.5-8 mm wide at throat, lobes 0.9-1.5 cm   12 Ceropegia driophila
       
4 (2) Corolla throat narrower than inflated base.   (5)
+ Corolla throat wider than inflated base.   (10)
       
5 (4) Corolla lobes uniformly colored.   (6)
+ Corolla lobes with pale basal part, sometimes with fine dark veins, and sharply delineated dark apical part, usually purple, possibly dark green, often hairy.   (7)
       
6 (5) Inflorescences often more than 2-flowered; stems densely crisped pubescent; leaf blade more than 5 × as long as wide; corolla tube slightly narrower than throat, lobes linear; outer corona lobes 2-toothed   16 Ceropegia muliensis
+ Inflorescences 1- or 2-flowered; stems sparsely pilose on 1 side; leaf blade less than 4 × as long as wide; corolla narrowing gradually from base to throat, lobes spatulate; outer corona lobes reduced to ill-defined ciliate flanges   17 Ceropegia hookeri
       
7 (5) Corolla lobes 5-7 mm, broadly lanceolate, corolla widening above base of lobes   2 Ceropegia teniana
+ Corolla lobes 11-25 mm, linear to narrowly oblong, corolla not widening above base of lobes.   (8)
       
8 (7) Erect herbs to 20 cm high; inflorescences 2-4-flowered   3 Ceropegia sinoerecta
+ Robust twiners 1 m or more high; inflorescences 5- or more flowered.   (9)
       
9 (8) Corolla lobes 2-2.5 cm, glabrous; outer corona lobes entire   13 Ceropegia pubescens
+ Corolla lobes 1.1-1.6 cm, hairy; outer corona lobes each with 2 linear teeth   7 Ceropegia longifolia
       
10 (4) Corolla lobes ovate, uniform in color and indumentum, corolla at anthesis widest part way up lobes; inflorescences (4-)6-10-flowered.   (11)
+ Corolla lobes linear to narrowly oblong and sharply differentiated by color and indumentum from triangular base, corolla at anthesis widest at base of lobes; inflorescences 1-4(-7)-flowered (8- or more flowered in C. longifolia).   (12)
       
11 (10) Leaf blade ovate, up to 2 × as long as broad   14 Ceropegia monticola
+ Leaf blade lanceolate, more than 4 × as long as broad   15 Ceropegia salicifolia
       
12 (10) Corolla lobes ca. 1/4 as long as corolla, linear, abruptly contracted from triangular base, bud with distinct narrow beak less than 1/3 as wide as corolla at base of lobes   4 Ceropegia exigua
+ Corolla lobes more than 3/10 as long as corolla, oblong, bud with indistinct beak more than 1/2 as wide as corolla at base of lobes.   (13)
       
13 (12) Leaves glabrous   10 Ceropegia paohsingensis
+ Leaves hairy, at least on veins.   (14)
       
14 (13) Leaf blade linear-lanceolate, 0.2-1.5(-2) cm wide, (4-)7- > 10 × as long as broad.   (15)
+ Leaf blade ovate, 1.2-3 cm wide, 1.5-3(-4) × as long as broad.   (16)
       
15 (14) Leaves (5-)8-15(-2) mm wide; outer corona lobes each with 2 slender teeth   5 Ceropegia dolichophylla
+ Leaves 2-7 mm wide; outer corona lobes each with 2 short, blunt teeth   6 Ceropegia stenophylla
       
16 (14) Peduncle 9-27 mm; inflorescences 4- > 8-flowered; upper parts of plant sparsely hairy   7 Ceropegia longifolia
+ Peduncle up to 4 mm, often almost absent; inflorescences rarely if ever more than 2-flowered; upper parts of plant densely hairy.   (17)
       
17 (16) Leaf blade base cuneate; corolla (2.3-)4.3-4.9 cm   8 Ceropegia mairei
+ Leaf blade base rounded; corolla ca. 5 cm   9 Ceropegia christenseniana

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