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11. DISTYLIUM Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1: 178. 1835.
蚊母树属 wen mu shu shu
Shrubs or small tress, evergreen; branches with 1 prophyll, stellately pubescent or lepidote when young; buds naked. Leaves distichous (rarely spiral), shortly petiolate; stipules caducous, leaving small scars; leaf blade leathery, margin entire or shallowly toothed towards leaf apex, venation pinnate; lateral veins usually prominent abaxially. Plants andromonoecious. Inflorescence a condensed panicle or botryoid, flowers distichously (or rarely spirally ) arranged, axillary, ± sessile; each flower usually subtended by two (simple or 3-lobed) subopposite sepal-like bracteoles, sometimes lacking in male flowers. Flowers male or bisexual. Floral cup absent. Sepals and petals absent. Male flowers: stamens 1–8, filaments short, unequal, anthers ellipsoid, thecae 2-sporangiate, each dehiscing by a longitudinal slit, connective produced. Bisexual flowers: stamens 5–8, ovary superior, ovules 1 per locule; stigmas decurrent. Fruits distichously (or rarely spirally) arranged, sometimes pedicellate. Capsules ovoid-globose, woody, stellately tomentose, dehiscing above middle by two 2-lobed valves, apex acute. Seeds 1 per locule, narrowly ovoid. 2n = 24.
About 18 species: China, NE India (Assam), Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Malaysia; 12 species (11 endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Young branches, buds, and abaxial side of leaf blade lepidote or glabrous. |
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(2) |
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Young branches and buds stellately tomentose; leaf blade glabrous or pubescent. |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade abaxially densely lepidote. |
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4 D. elaeagnoides |
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Leaf blade abaxially glabrous. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade lanceolate or oblong, rarely oblanceolate, 3–4 times as long as wide. |
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3 D. myricoides |
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Leaf blade elliptic, ca. 2 times as long as wide. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaf blade 3–6 × 1.5–3 cm, margin entire. |
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1 D. racemosum |
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Leaf blade 7–12 × 4–7 cm, margin dentate near apex. |
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2 D. macrophyllum |
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| 5 (1) |
Leaf blade oblong, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5–14 × 2–6 cm, usually pubescent. |
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(6) |
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Leaf blade usually lanceolate, rarely obovate-lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 2–6(–10) × 1–2 cm, abaxially glabrous. |
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(9) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate, apex caudate-acuminate, base rounded. |
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(7) |
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Leaf blade oblong, apex acute, base cuneate. |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaf blade 7–14 cm long, reticulate veins prominent. |
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5 D. pingpienensis |
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Leaf blade 4–6 cm, reticulate veins indistinct. |
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6 D. cuspidatum |
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| 8 (6) |
Leaf blade 6–9 cm, abaxially nearly glabrous. |
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7 D. chungii |
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Leaf blade 10–15 cm, abaxially tomentose. |
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8 D. tsiangii |
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| 9 (5) |
Leaf blade narrowly lanceolate, 6–10 cm, petiole 5–8 mm. |
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9 D. dunnianum |
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Leaf blade obovate-lanceolate, oblong, or broad-elliptic, 2–5 cm, petiole 1–3 mm. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Petiole densely stellately pubescent, trichomes divided to center. |
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12 D. gracile |
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Petiole densely scaly, trichomes divided up to 1/2 radius. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Petiole scales subentire, closely adpressed; leaf blade oblanceolate, entire or with 1 or 2 obscure subapical teeth. |
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11 D. buxifolium |
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Petiole scales lacerate, not adpressed; leaf blade obovate, usually with 2 or 3 subapical teeth on each side. |
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10 D. chinense |
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List of lower taxa
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