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14. Eriolaena Candolle, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 102. 1823.
火绳树属 huo sheng shu shu
Wallichia Candolle (1823), not Roxburgh (1820), nor Reinwardt (1823).
Trees or shrubs, sometimes [?always] deciduous. Stipule linear, caducous; leaf blade mostly ± cordate, rarely obscurely palmately lobed, or oblong and entire, stellate hairy, abaxially mostly densely so, sometimes nearly glabrous, margin ± dentate. Inflorescence racemose, axillary or terminal, often 1-2-flowered, less often many-flowered. Epicalyx lobes 3-5, dentate or divided, rarely entire, falling at anthesis. Sepals 4 or 5, valvate, linear, apex acute, abaxially stellate hairy, adaxially villous. Petals 4 or 5, yellow or white, base tapering into flat villous claw, claw sharply recurved into S-bend with limb radially spreading. Stamens many, connate into monadelphous tube; filaments partly free; anthers linear-oblong, 2-celled, cells parallel; staminodes absent. Ovary sessile, 4-10-celled, tomentose; ovules many in each locule; style linear; stigma 4-10-lobed. Capsule woody or nearly woody, ovoid or narrowly ovoid, dehiscence loculicidal, valves 4-10, adaxial margin densely woolly. Seeds winged, wing membranous, as long as seeds; endosperm thin, cotyledons plicate.
About 17 species: tropical and subtropical Asia; six species (one endemic) in China.
Eriolaena is poorly represented in herbaria, and more gatherings, particularly of correlated flowering and fruiting material, are needed to clarify the taxa.
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| 1 |
Leaf blade abaxially sparsely hairy to glabrescent, epidermis visible between hairs; leaves always present during flowering and fruiting |
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(2) |
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Leaf blade stellate hairy, denser abaxially, often tomentose; leaves sometimes absent at flowering or fruiting |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade glabrous or nearly so, veins of young leaves usually slightly pink; inflorescence a terminal, ± flat-topped, many-flowered panicle. |
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1 E. glabrescens |
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Leaf blade abaxially yellow-brown stellate pubescent; inflorescence an axillary, few-flowered cyme. |
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6 E. kwangsiensis |
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| 3 (1) |
Material in flower, epicalyx lobes available |
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(4) |
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Material in fruit, epicalyx lobes lost |
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(7) |
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| 4 (3) |
Epicalyx lobes 4-6(-10) mm, margins entire or nearly so |
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(5) |
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Epicalyx lobes 10-15(-20) mm, margins obviously dentate, fimbriate, or pinnatipartite |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Pedicel nearly as long as flower; epicalyx lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm; flowers mostly 4-merous, rarely 5-merous. |
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2 E. spectabilis |
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Pedicel shorter than flower; epicalyx lobes ovate or elliptic-ovate; flowers 5-merous. |
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3 E. quinquelocularis |
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| 6 (4) |
Epicalyx lobe margin densely fimbriate, densely woolly stellate pilose. |
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4 E. wallichii |
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Epicalyx lobe margin dentate or pinnatipartite, shortly tomentose. |
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5 E. candollei |
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| 7 (3) |
Capsule distinctly angular |
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(8) |
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Capsule rounded, smooth or longitudinally striate, not grooved between valves |
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(9) |
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| 8 (7) |
Capsule 4-locular, angles scarcely verrucose, flat between ridges and nearly square in cross section. |
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2 E. spectabilis |
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Capsule 5-locular, angles strongly verrucose, grooved between ridges. |
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4 E. wallichii |
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| 9 (7) |
Fruiting without leaves. |
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3 E. quinquelocularis |
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Fruiting with leaves. |
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5 E. candollei |
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Lower Taxa
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