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35. Herminium Linnaeus, Opera Var. 251. 1758.
角盘兰属 jiao pan lan shu
Authors: Xinqi Chen, Stephan W. Gale & Phillip J. Cribb
Aopla Lindley; Monorchis Séguier.
Herbs, terrestrial, slender. Tubers globose to oblong-ellipsoid, undivided, fleshy, neck with several slender roots. Stem erect, with tubular sheaths at base, 1- to several leaved, glabrous. Leaves basal, green, elliptic to lanceolate, base contracted into amplexicaul sheath. Inflorescence erect, terminal, racemose, glabrous; peduncle often with 1 or more foliaceous sterile bracts; rachis laxly to densely many flowered; floral bracts lanceolate. Flowers erect, horizontal, or nodding, small, often spidery, resupinate or rarely not, usually yellowish green; ovary and pedicel straight, arcuate or sometimes distinctly hooked toward apex, twisted or rarely not, cylindric-fusiform, glabrous. Sepals subequal; dorsal sepal free or loosely connivent with petals and forming a hood; lateral sepals spreading. Petals smaller and narrower than sepals, usually thickened and fleshy; lip adnate to base of column, base shallowly concave or shortly spurred, margin entire, 3- or rarely 5-lobed. Column very short; anther adnate to apex of column, 2-locular, locules parallel; pollinia 2, oblong to ellipsoid, granular-farinaceous, sectile, each attached to a viscidium via a short caudicle; viscidia often involute and hornlike, naked; rostellum small, 3-lobed; stigma lobes 2, raised, clavate; auricles 2, usually prominent, placed laterally at base of anther. Capsule usually erect, oblong.
About 25 species: Europe, parts of SW and C Asia, extending to E and SE Asia and the Himalayas; 18 species (ten endemic) in China.
Herminium kamengense A. N. Rao (J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 25: 287. 2001) was described from the region of the border of NE India and SE Xizang.
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| 1 |
Lip entire |
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(2) |
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Lip 3- or 5-lobed (though sometimes only obscurely so) |
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(7) |
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| 2 (1) |
Plants 1-leaved |
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(3) |
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Plants 2-leaved |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Floral bracts exceeding flowers; petals forming a hood to weakly spreading, linear-oblong, ca. 2.8 × 0.5 mm; lip spurless. |
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13 H. angustilabre |
| + |
Floral bracts much shorter than to slightly exceeding ovary; petals erect, ovate, ca. 1.8 × 1-1.5 mm; lip shortly spurred; spur cylindric-obovoid, ca. 1.5 × 0.75 mm. |
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16 H. singulum |
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| 4 (2) |
Flowers not secund; lip spurless, base dilated and shallowly concave |
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(5) |
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Flowers usually secund; lip shortly spurred; spur conic, 0.7-0.8 mm |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Peduncle with several triangular-lanceolate sterile bracts, lower one often foliaceous; flowers white. |
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14 H. tangianum |
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Peduncle ebracteate; flowers green to yellowish green. |
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15 H. josephii |
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| 6 (4) |
Leaves uniformly green; lip ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 × 1 mm. |
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17 H. carnosilabre |
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Leaves green with white reticulate markings; lip orbicular-ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1.2 mm. |
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18 H. orbiculare |
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| 7 (1) |
Plants 1-leaved |
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(8) |
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Plants 2-4-leaved (though H. chloranthum rarely 1-leaved) |
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(11) |
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| 8 (7) |
Flowers not resupinate; ovary not twisted. |
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1 H. glossophyllum |
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Flowers resupinate; ovary twisted |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Peduncle ebracteate or with 1 sterile bract; ovary distinctly hooked toward apex; dorsal sepal 3.5-5 mm; lip furcately 3-lobed below middle, 6-7 mm. |
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2 H. ophioglossoides |
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Peduncle with 2-7 sterile bracts; ovary straight; dorsal sepal 1.5-2 mm; lip apex 3-toothed to shallowly 3-lobed, 1.8-2.5 mm |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Rachis sublaxly several to subdensely many flowered; lip 0.8-1 mm wide; lateral lobes triangular-falcate. |
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3 H. coiloglossum |
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Rachis densely many flowered; lip ca. 1.8 mm wide; lateral lobes triangular. |
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4 H. yunnanense |
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| 11 (7) |
Peduncle narrowly winged; lip 5-lobed. |
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5 H. quinquelobum |
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Peduncle cylindric; lip 3-lobed (though sometimes only obscurely so) |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Lip obscurely to shallowly 3-lobed; lateral lobes of lip ovate-triangular to triangular |
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(13) |
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Lip furcately 3-lobed; lateral lobes of lip linear, linear-triangular, or linear-falcate |
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(15) |
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| 13 (12) |
Dorsal sepal ca. 3.2 mm; petals rhombic to narrowly elliptic, ca. 4 × 1.8 mm; lip ca. 3.2 × 2.8 mm. |
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6 H. chloranthum |
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Dorsal sepal 0.8-1.5 mm; petals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1.2-2 × 0.8-1.2 mm; lip 1.8-2.2 × 0.8-1.2 mm |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves basal, clustered, 3-10 cm; peduncle ebracteate or sometimes with 1 sterile bract; flowers yellowish green; lip shortly saccate-spurred. |
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7 H. macrophyllum |
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Leaves cauline, widely spaced, alternate, 10-12 cm; peduncle with 1-4 sterile bracts; flowers white; lip spurless. |
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8 H. ecalcaratum |
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| 15 (12) |
Petals rhombic; mid-lobe of lip 1.5-3.2 mm, longer than lateral lobes. |
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9 H. monorchis |
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Petals ovate-lanceolate or linear; mid-lobe of lip 0.5-1.5 mm, shorter than lateral lobes |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Petals ovate-lanceolate, abruptly narrowed above middle, apex cuspidate; lip shortly spurred. |
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10 H. alaschanicum |
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Petals linear, apex obtuse to subacute; lip spurless |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Lip 4-10 mm; lateral lobes 2-7 mm. |
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11 H. lanceum |
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Lip 3.2-4.5 mm; lateral lobes 1-2 mm. |
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12 H. souliei |
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List of lower taxa
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