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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 24 | Juncaceae

2. Luzula de Candolle in Lamarck & de Candolle, Fl. France, ed. 3. 1: 198; 3: 158. 1805.
[nom. cons.]

地杨梅属 di yang mei shu

Juncoides Séguier, nom. rej.

Herbs perennial, usually tufted. Rhizome short. Stems usually terete. Leaves mostly basal; leaf sheath closed, auricles absent; leaf blade lanceolate to linear, flat, usually channeled, margin long white ciliate. Inflorescences cymose, umbellate, umbel-like, corymbose, or paniculate, sometimes condensed into heads. Flowers often solitary, subtended by a scarious bract and enclosed at base by 2 short bracteoles; bracteoles usually lacerate or denticulate at margin. Perianth segments 6. Stamens 6, usually shorter than perianth; filaments thin; anthers oblong to linear. Ovary 1-loculed; ovules 3, erect from a basal, very short placenta. Style short. Capsule 3-valved. Seeds 3, oblong, indistinctly reticulate, often with a basal or apical appendage (caruncle).

About 75 species: mainly in cool regions of both hemispheres, in tropical regions restricted to high elevations; 16 species (six endemic) in China.

Luzula capitata (Miquel) Nakai (from Japan, Korea, and Russia) has been reported from NE China. However, the present authors could not find this species among the many Chinese specimens they examined. Further investigation is required.


1 Flowers solitary or in pairs (rarely in clusters of 3 at apex of inflorescence in L. wahlenbergii).   (2)
+ Flowers several to many, congested in inflorescence.   (7)
       
2 (1) Seed appendage slightly shorter than or equaling seed.   (3)
+ Seed appendage absent or inconspicuous.   (4)
       
3 (2) Perianth segments 2.5--3 mm; filaments 0.6--0.9 mm, anthers 1--1.3 mm   1 Luzula rufescens
+ Perianth segments 3--4 mm; filaments ca. 1 mm, anthers ca. 1 mm   2 Luzula plumosa
       
4 (2) Pedicels spreading, to 3 cm; anthers shorter than filaments   3 Luzula effusa
+ Pedicels present but very short; anthers mostly equaling filaments.   (5)
       
5 (4) Bracteole ciliate at margin; basal bract 0.5--1.5 cm; flowers usually in clusters of 2 or 3   4 Luzula wahlenbergii
+ Bracteole entire, subentire, or lacerate at margin; basal bract 2.5--6 cm; flowers solitary.   (6)
       
6 (5) Capsule ovoid, apex mucronate; inflorescences umbel-like, flowers crowded   5 Luzula parviflora
+ Capsule subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, apex not mucronate; inflorescences corymbose, flowers lax   6 Luzula sichuanensis
       
7 (1) Inflorescences spikelike, often interrupted.   (8)
+ Inflorescences umbellate, subumbellate, subcorymbose, or cymose.   (9)
       
8 (7) Perianth segments 2.7--3.2 mm, unequal with inner ones usually shorter than outer, apex aristate; inflorescences nodding; capsule 2.2--3 mm   15 Luzula spicata
+ Perianth segments 2.1--2.8 mm, subequal or inner ones usually slightly longer than outer, apex acuminate; inflorescences upright; capsule 2--2.2 mm   16 Luzula taiwaniana
       
9 (7) Perianth segments equal or subequal.   (10)
+ Perianth segments unequal.   (13)
       
10 (9) Perianth segments 1.8--2.1 mm   10 Luzula oligantha
+ Perianth segments 2.3--4 mm.   (11)
       
11 (10) Basal involucral bract longer than inflorescence, rarely shorter; anthers shorter than filaments; style distinctly shorter than ovary   9 Luzula jilongensis
+ Basal involucral bract often shorter than inflorescence, sometimes equaling it, rarely longer; anthers longer than filaments; style equaling or longer than ovary.   (12)
       
12 (11) Filaments 0.4--0.5 mm; anthers 1.8--2.2 mm; style longer than ovary; plants laxly tufted   7 Luzula campestris
+ Filaments 0.6--0.8 mm; anthers 1--1.5 mm; style subequaling ovary; plants densely tufted   8 Luzula multiflora
       
13 (9) Inflorescences with 5--15 headlike clusters.   (14)
+ Inflorescences with 1--4 headlike clusters.   (15)
       
14 (13) Outer perianth segments with a 0.6--0.9 mm mucro at apex; style 0.5--0.7 mm; stigmas 1.8--2 mm   11 Luzula inaequalis
+ Outer perianth segments acute at apex; style ca. 0.5 mm; stigmas ca. 1.5 mm   12 Luzula pallescens
       
15 (13) Plants 30--35 cm tall; basal leaf blade 8--14 cm; cauline leaves 2 or 3; anthers equaling filaments; seed appendage 0.2--0.3 mm   13 Luzula badia
+ Plants 9--13 cm tall; basal leaf blade 2--6 cm; cauline leaf 1; anthers shorter than filaments; seed appendage not more than 0.1 mm   14 Luzula bomiensis

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