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14. Machilus Rumphius ex Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 61, 70. 1831.
润楠属 run nan shu
Authors: Fa-Nan Wei & Henk van der Werff
Evergreen trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, entire, pinnately veined. Inflorescences usually paniculate, terminal, subterminal, or arising from near base of branchlet, with long peduncles or rarely without peduncles. Flowers bisexual, small or larger. Perianth tubes short; perianth lobes 6 in 2 series, equal, subequal, or occasionally outer ones conspicuously smaller than inner ones, usually persistent, rarely deciduous. Fertile stamens 9 in 3 series, anthers 4-celled, 1st and 2nd series of stamens eglandular, anthers introrse, 3rd series of stamens glandular, anthers extrorse or lateral, glands stipitate to sessile. Staminodes in 4th series, sagittate. Ovary sessile; stigmas small, dish-shaped or capitate. Fruit fleshy, globose, rarely ellipsoid or oblong, subtended at base by persistent and reflexed perianth lobes; fruiting pedicel not enlarged or slightly enlarged.
About 100 species: tropical and subtropical S and SE Asia; 82 species (63 endemic) in China; one additional species (endemic) is of uncertain placement.
The following species were described from China but could not be treated here because no material was seen by the present authors: Machilus hemsleyi Nakai (J. Jap. Bot. 16: 122. 1940; Persea hemsleyi (Nakai) Kostermans), described from Hubei. Machilus tingzhourensis M. M. Lin et al. (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 25: 5. 2005), described from Fujian.
Species incertae sedis
Machilus holadena H. Liu, Laurac. Chine & Indochine, 54. 1932 ["holadenus"].
全腺润楠 quan xian run nan
Trees. Branchlets purple-brown, slender, ± angular, subglabrous. Terminal bud small; bud scales 3-5 mm. Leaves subopposite; petiole 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade dull abaxially, shiny adaxially, elliptic, 10-11 × 3.5-4.5 cm, leathery, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib and lateral veins conspicuous on both surfaces, lateral veins ca. 10 pairs, veinlets anastomosing, somewhat visible abaxially, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acumen ca. 1 cm. Cymose panicles few flowered, inserted on short shoots in upper leaf axils or in axils of deciduous bracts; short shoots 2.5-5 mm; peduncles 1.5-4.5 cm. Pedicel 5-10 mm (terminal one longer), glabrous. Flowers yellow. Perianth tube long; lobes (6-)9 or 12, oblong, equal, 3.5-5 mm, glabrous abaxially, pilose adaxially, glandular. Stamens 9 or 12, 3-4 mm, all 2-glandular; glands at middle part of filament, stipitate, sublanceolate; filaments pilose; anthers subovoid, 2(or 4)-celled. Staminodes 3, somewhat pilose, apex deltoid. Pistil 4.5-5 mm, glabrous; ovary subovoid, almost covered by perianth tube, apex attenuate into a style 2.5-3 mm; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit unknown. Fl. May.
● Mountain slopes. Sichuan (Emei Shan), NE Yunnan.
Li Jie and Li Xiwen note that this species has subopposite leaves, a long perianth tube, (6-)9 or 12 perianth lobes, and mostly 2-celled (rarely 4-celled) anthers. They consider that it may perhaps be a species of Beilschmiedia, but they have not yet seen its fruit and therefore include it here as a species incertae sedis.
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Key 2
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| 1 |
Inflorescences short, 1-4 cm |
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(2) |
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Inflorescences elongate, more than 5 cm |
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(7) |
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| 2 (1) |
Perianth lobes early deciduous |
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(3) |
| + |
Perianth lobes persistent |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade abaxially glaucous; fruit usually farinaceous. |
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12 M. calcicola |
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Leaf blade abaxially not glaucous; fruit not farinaceous. |
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13 M. glabrophylla |
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| 4 (2) |
Leaf blade apex usually rounded, blade 4-5 cm, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs. |
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17 M. obovatifolia |
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Leaf blade apex acuminate or obtuse, blade 6-11.5 cm, lateral veins 6-12 pairs |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Inflorescences terminal or subterminal; leaf blade lateral veins 6 or 7 pairs, blade obovate or elliptic, 6-8(-9) cm. |
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14 M. nanchuanensis |
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Inflorescences arising from base of newly sprouted branchlet; leaf blade lateral veins 9-12 pairs, blade oblong, somewhat rhombic, or lanceolate, 7-11.5 cm |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade oblong, somewhat rhombic, apex caudate-acuminate, glabrous on both surfaces. |
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15 M. gracillima |
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Leaf blade lanceolate or oblong, apex obtuse, abaxially densely pubescent when young, pubescent along midrib when old. |
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16 M. salicoides |
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| 7 (1) |
Midrib elevated adaxially. |
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2 M. decursinervis |
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Midrib concave adaxially |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Panicles terminal or subterminal |
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(9) |
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Panicles arising from base of newly sprouted branchlet, rarely subterminal |
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(11) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade base obtuse or subrotund. |
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3 M. phoenicis |
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Leaf blade base cuneate |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Perianth lobes pubescent at base inside; peduncles slender; fruit 5-7 mm in diam.; leaf blade obovate, obovate-lanceolate, or oblong to elliptic. |
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4 M. microcarpa |
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Perianth lobes glabrous on both surfaces; peduncles thicker, ca. 3 mm in diam. at base; fruit ca. 1 cm in diam.; leaf blade oblong to oblong-oblanceolate. |
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5 M. chayuensis |
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| 11 (8) |
Bud scales golden brown or reddish brown, puberulent to tomentose |
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(12) |
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Bud scales not as above, reddish or other colored, pubescent to glabrous |
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(13) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaf blade obovate to obovate-lanceolate, wider, 4.5-9(-13) × 3-6 cm, apex obtuse or abruptly cuspidate. |
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6 M. thunbergii |
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Leaf blade lanceolate to oblanceolate, narrower, 7-14.5 × 1.5-3 cm, apex acuminate. |
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7 M. rehderi |
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| 13 (11) |
Leaf blade shape variable, oblong-oblanceolate, ovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-lanceolate |
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(14) |
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Leaf blade oblong |
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(15) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaf blade base cuneate or attenuate, apex acuminate to shortly caudate, lateral veins 7-15 pairs. |
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8 M. japonica |
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Leaf blade base obliquely obtuse, apex obtuse, lateral veins 6-8 pairs. |
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9 M. litseifolia |
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| 15 (13) |
Leaf blade apex caudate-acuminate, blade 11-15.5 × 3.3-4.5 cm; perianth lobes glabrous on both surfaces. |
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10 M. sichuanensis |
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Leaf blade apex obtuse or obtuse-acuminate, blade 8.5-12 × 2.7-3.8 cm; perianth lobes sericeous inside. |
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11 M. chuanchienensis |
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List of Keys
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List of lower taxa
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