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15. Nephelium Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 623; Mant. Pl. 1: 18, 125. 1767.
韶子属 shao zi shu
Trees, rarely shrubs, monoecious or dioecious. Leaves paripinnate, alternate, petiolate; leaflets entire. Thyrses terminal or axillary. Flowers unisexual, actinomorphic, small; bracts and bracteoles small. Calyx cupular, 5- or 6-lobed; sepals small, valvate or imbricate, often opening early. Petals absent or 5 or 6. Disk annular, entire or lobed. Stamens (male flowers) 6-8, exserted; filaments villous. Ovary (female flowers) obcordiform, 2(or 3)-lobed, 2(or 3)-loculed, densely tuberculous; ovules 1 per locule; style inserted between ovary lobes; stigma 2- or 3-lobed. Fruit deeply parted into 2 or 3 schizocarps, usually 1 developed, ellipsoid; pericarp leathery, with soft spines. Seeds same as schizocarps in shape; arillode fleshy, adnate to testa, thoroughly covering seeds; embryo arched or slightly straight, cotyledons thick. 2n = 22.
About 22 species: SE Asia; three species (one endemic, one introduced) in China.
See the revision by Leenhouts (Blumea 31: 373-436. 1986).
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| 1 |
Leaflet blades elliptic or obovate, glabrous, lateral veins 7-9 pairs. |
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1 N. lappaceum |
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Leaflet blades oblong, abaxially pilose, lateral veins 9-14 pairs or more |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Fruit 4-5 × 3-4 cm including spines, spines ca. 1 cm or longer. |
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2 N. chryseum |
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Fruit smaller than 3 × 2 cm including spines, spines 3.5-5 mm. |
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3 N. topengii |
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Lower Taxa
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