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2. Nymphaea Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 510. 1753.
[nom. cons.]
睡莲属 shui lian shu
Herbs perennial. Rhizomes erect, ascending, or repent, branched or unbranched. Leaves mostly floating; leaf blade venation primarily palmate, base cordate to sagittate, margin entire to dentate, sometimes slightly peltate. Flowers floating or emersed, perianth spreading. Sepals 4, greenish, not petaloid, inserted at base of ovary, sometimes persistent. Petals 8 to many, large and showy, inserted on surface of ovary, often grading into stamens. Stamens shorter than sepals and petals, inserted on lateral surface of ovary; filament linear to ovate or obovate; anther connective appendaged or unappendaged. Carpels partially or completely united. Style absent or modified into abaxially projecting carpellary appendages. Stigma sessile, radiate on cup-shaped stigmatic disc rimmed by carpellary appendages. Fruit irregularly dehiscent. Seeds globose, ovoid, or ellipsoid, smooth or longitudinal ridges pubescent, arillate.
About 50 species: widespread in temperate and tropical regions; five species in China.
Many species of the genus Nymphaea are cultivated as ornamentals. In China, in addition to the native species, both Nymphaea mexicana Zuccarini and N. alba Linnaeus var. rubra Lönnroth are cultivated.
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| 1 |
Leaf blade abaxially densely pubescent, margin dentate and teeth acute to subspinose |
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4 N. lotus var. pubescens |
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Leaf blade abaxially glabrous, margin entire, subentire, or deeply crenate. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Petals white tinged with purple, blue, or purple-red; anther connective apically appendaged; leaf blade margin subentire to deeply crenate; sepals persistent |
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5 N. nouchali |
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Petals white; anther connective apically unappendaged; leaf blade margin entire; sepals caducous or decaying after anthesis (persistent in N. tetragona). |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Flowers 3--6 cm in diam. when fully open; mature leaf blades mostly less than 10 cm; carpellary appendages ovate |
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3 N. tetragona |
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Flowers more than 6 cm in diam. when fully open; mature leaf blades mostly more than 10 cm; carpellary appendages triangular-tapered. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Rhizomes repent; insertion of calyx on receptacle circular; filaments of inner stamens ± as wide as anthers |
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1 N. alba |
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Rhizomes erect or ascending; insertion of calyx on receptacle ± tetragonous; filaments of inner stamens wider than anthers |
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2 N. candida |
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Lower Taxa
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