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94. Ocimum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 597. 1753.
罗勒属 luo le shu
Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, aromatic. Leaves petiolate, dentate. Verticillasters 6(-10)-flowered, in terminal, pedunculate thyrses or panicles; bracts early deciduous, petiolate, margin entire, rarely longer than flowers. Flowers white; pedicel straight, apex recurved. Calyx ovoid to campanulate, declined in fruit, glandular outside, glabrous or occasionally villous at throat inside, limb 2-lipped; upper lip 3-toothed, middle tooth circular to obovate, margin winged, decurrent, lateral teeth shorter; lower lip 2 toothed, teeth narrower, apex acuminate to spinescent, sometimes approximate. Corolla tube slightly shorter than calyx or rarely exserted, not hairy annulate inside, dilated, obliquely campanulate at throat; limb 2-lipped, upper lip subequally (3- or) 4-lobed; lower lip somewhat elongated or not, declined, margin entire, flat or slightly concave. Stamens 4, exserted, declined on lower corolla lip, anterior 2 longer; filaments free or anterior 2 connate at base; anthers ovoid-reniform, 1-locellate. Style longer than stamens, 2-cleft at apex; lobes subequal, subulate or flat. Nutlets ovoid or subglobose, smooth or glandular foveolate, viscid when moist, with a white basal areola.
About 100-150 species: temperate regions worldwide, especially in Africa and South America; five species in China.
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| 1 |
Posterior filaments edentate at base. |
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(2) |
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Posterior filaments dentate at base. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Posterior filaments villous tufted, pilose tufted, or subglabrous at base; stem spreading pilose; leaves oblong, 2.5-5.5 × 1-3 cm, apex obtuse, base cuneate to rounded, puberulent, glandular; bracts cordate |
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4 Ocimum sanctum |
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Filaments glabrous; stems pubescent; upper leaves ovate, ca. 3 × 2 cm, apex acute, base strongly attenuate, subglabrous; bracts ovate |
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5 Ocimum tashiroi |
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| 3 (1) |
Shrubs; fruiting calyx pendulous; posterior tooth broadly obovate, with narrow, slightly decurrent marginal wings; lateral teeth narrow, slightly wider than anterior teeth, approximate, forming a 2-spinescent lower lip |
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3 Ocimum gratissimum var. suave |
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Herbs; fruiting calyx appressed reflexed; posterior tooth circular, with marginal broad wings decurrent to middle of calyx; lateral teeth triangular to broadly obovate, apex acute; anterior teeth 2, narrow, nearly not approximate. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaves narrowly ovate, 1-1.7 cm × 5-10 mm, adaxially green, abaxially gray-green; corolla 3-4 mm |
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1 Ocimum americanum |
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Leaves ovate to ovate-oblong, 2.5-5 × 1-2.5 cm, green; corolla ca. 6 mm |
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2 Ocimum basilicum |
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Lower Taxa
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