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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 18 | Orobanchaceae

2. Orobanche Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 632. 1753.

列当属 lie dang shu

Phelipanche Pomel.

Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, usually tomentose, villous, or glandular pubescent, rarely glabrous. Leaves spirally or imbricately arranged, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate. Flowers many, in spicate or racemose inflorescences, rarely solitary; bract 1, usually similar to leaves; bractlets 2 or absent. Pedicel short or absent. Calyx cupular or campanulate, apex 4-lobed or nearly 4- or 5-parted, occasionally 5- or 6-toothed, sometimes 2-parted to base and lobes entire or 2-toothed. Corolla bilabiate, curved; upper lip entire, emarginate, or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed, shorter to longer than upper lip. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; filaments base pubescent or glandular pubescent. Ovary 1-locular; parietal placentas 4; ovules numerous. Style elongated, usually persistent; stigma inflated, peltate, or 2-4-lobed. Capsule ovoid-globose or ellipsoid, dehiscing by 2 valves. Seeds numerous, minute, ellipsoid or subglobose; testa reticulate.

About 100 species: mostly in North Temperate regions, less represented in S Central America and E and N Africa; 25 species in China.

Species 1-7 belong to subgen. Phelipanche (Pomel) Tzvelev (bractlets 2), whereas species 8-25 belong to subgen. Orobanche (bractlets absent).


1 Bractlets 2.   (2)
+ Bractlets absent.   (8)
       
2 (1) Stems usually branched; inflorescences loose; parasitic on cultivated plants.   (3)
+ Stems unbranched; inflorescences usually dense; parasitic on wild plants.   (4)
       
3 (2) Corolla 1.8-2 cm, pale blue or pale violet; anthers glabrous or subglabrous   6 Orobanche brassicae
+ Corolla 2-3.5 cm, blue-violet or blue; anthers villous   7 Orobanche aegyptiaca
       
4 (2) Inflorescences densely arachnoid-villous and glandular pubescent; anthers glabrous, rarely subglabrous   1 Orobanche lanuginosa
+ Inflorescences glandular pubescent; anthers villous or frequently subglabrous.   (5)
       
5 (4) Folds of lower corolla lip glabrous; calyx lobes triangular-lanceolate or triangular; style glabrous; parasitic on Kochia prostrata 4. O. kelleri   4 Orobanche kelleri
+ Folds of lower corolla lip pilose; calyx lobes usually lanceolate; style sparsely glandular pubescent; parasitic on species of the Asteraceae.   (6)
       
6 (5) Anthers densely villous along sutures   3 Orobanche mongolica
+ Anthers sparsely villous, often subglabrous.   (7)
       
7 (6) Calyx lobes lanceolate, subequalling tube; lower corolla lip usually shorter than upper   2 Orobanche uralensis
+ Calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 X longer than tube; lower corolla lip usually longer than upper   5 Orobanche coelestis
       
8 (1) Calyx cupular, 4(or 5)-lobed.   (9)
+ Calyx divided into 2 lateral, entire or 2-cleft segments.   (10)
       
9 (8) Corolla pale grayish blue or blue-purple, 2.5-3.5 cm; inflorescences 8-20(-30) cm, many flowered; calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate   17 Orobanche sinensis
+ Corolla pale yellow, 2.5-2.8 cm; inflorescences 3-6 cm, 3-6-flowered; calyx lobes triangular- lanceolate 18. O. mupinensis   18 Orobanche mupinensis
       
10 (8) Inflorescences whitish arachnoid-villous.   (11)
+ Inflorescences glandular pubescent, rarely sparsely villous.   (12)
       
11 (10) Anthers glabrous, rarely subglabrous   8 Orobanche coerulescens
+ Anthers densely villous along sutures   9 Orobanche ombrochares
       
12 (10) Corolla tubular or tubular-campanulate, slightly constricted below middle and above attachment of filaments; upper corolla lip 2-lobed or emarginate; filaments inserted 5-8(-12) mm above corolla base.   (13)
+ Corolla campanulate or tubular-campanulate, not constricted below middle; upper corolla lip entire or emarginate; filaments inserted 1.5-6(-7) mm above corolla base.   (19)
       
13 (12) Anthers densely villous along sutures   10 Orobanche pycnostachya
+ Anthers glabrous or slightly villous near base.   (14)
       
14 (13) Corolla strongly curved, becoming conspicuously inflated; anthers glabrous, rarely subglabrous.   (15)
+ Corolla slightly curved, not inflated; anthers villous near base, rarely subglabrous.   (16)
       
15 (14) Corolla yellow or pale yellow, upper lip emarginate; bracts usually equal or longer than flowers   11 Orobanche solmsii
+ Corolla pale blue or pale violet on upper part, rarely pale yellow, upper lip 2-lobed; bracts shorter than flowers   12 Orobanche cernua
       
16 (14) Corolla blue, blue-purple, or pale blue on upper part.   (17)
+ Corolla pale yellow or yellow-white.   (18)
       
17 (16) Corolla 2-2.5 cm; calyx segments 2-toothed   13 Orobanche amoena
+ Corolla 1.3-2 cm; calyx segments entire, rarely 2-toothed   14 Orobanche clarkei
       
18 (16) Inflorescences glandular pubescent; upper corolla lip 2-lobed   15 Orobanche sordida
+ Inflorescences villous and glandular pubescent; upper corolla lip emarginate   16 Orobanche kotschyi
       
19 (12) Corolla 2-3.5(-4) cm, subcampanulate, substraight along dorsal line.   (20)
+ Corolla 1.5-2.5 cm, tubular-campanulate, curved along dorsal line.   (21)
       
20 (19) Anthers glabrous or subglabrous, abruptly narrowed basally into a cusp 0.1-0.3 mm; filaments inserted 1.5-3(-4) mm above corolla base; corolla pale pink or pale yellow; parasitic on species of Galium   20 Orobanche caryophyllacea
+ Anthers villous, gradually narrowed basally into a cusp 0.3-0.5 mm; filaments inserted 4-7 mm above corolla base; corolla pale yellow or pale blue   19 Orobanche megalantha
       
21 (19) Inflorescences villous and glandular pubescent along axis and bracts; corolla pale yellow or brown-yellow often tinged with purple; parasitic on species of Apiaceae   25 Orobanche alsatica
+ Inflorescences glandular pubescent; corolla of different colors.   (22)
       
22 (21) Corolla white or yellow-white, sometimes reddish, margin glandular pubescent with reddish hairs; calyx segments usually entire; parasitic on species of Lamiaceae   21 Orobanche alba
+ Corolla red, yellow-brown, or pale yellow, margin glabrous or sparsely glandular, hairs not reddish; calyx segments usually 2-lobed.   (23)
       
23 (22) Corolla usually red   24 Orobanche yunnanensis
+ Corolla yellow-brown or pale yellow.   (24)
       
24 (23) Filaments pubescent along basal 1/4-1/3, glabrous or sparsely glandular upward; stems and leaves glandular pubescent; parasitic on species of Asteraceae   22 Orobanche elatior
+ Filaments pubescent along basal 1/2-3/4, glandular upward; lower part of stems and lower leaves glabrous; plants parasitic on species of Thalictrum   23 Orobanche krylowii

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