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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 5 | Urticaceae

8. Pellionia Gaudichaud-Beaupré, Voy. Uranie, Bot. 494. 1830.
[nom. cons.]

赤车属 chi che shu

Lin Qi (林祁); Ib Friis, C. Melanie Wilmot-Dear

Polychroa Loureiro, nom. rej.

Herbs or subshrubs, without stinging hairs. Leaves apparently alternate, distichous; nanophylls present or absent, opposite to normal leaves; stipules 2; leaf blade 3-veined, one major lateral vein sometimes inserted above the base, or pinnately veined, base asymmetric, margin entire or serrate; cystoliths mostly present, linear or fusiform. Inflorescences axillary, cymes of unisexual flowers (plants monoecious or dioecious); male ones usually pedunculate; female ones pedunculate or sessile, bracteose, rarely with discoid receptacle and involucre. Male flowers: perianth lobes 4 or 5, elliptic, connate 1/2 of length, slightly valvate, apex usually corniculate; stamens as many as and opposite to perianth lobes; filaments inflexed in bud; rudimentary pistil small. Female flowers: perianth lobes 4 or 5, distinct, longer than or as long as ovary, usually unequal, apex usually corniculate; staminodes as many as and opposite to perianth, scale-like. Ovary straight, ellipsoid; style absent; stigma penicillate; ovule orthotropous. Achenes ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly flattened, usually tuberculate.

About 60 species: tropical and subtropical Asia, Pacific islands; 20 species (nine endemic) in China.


1 Leaf blade margin entire.   (2)
+ Leaf blade margin denticulate, dentate, crenate, serrate or nearly undulate.   (3)
       
2 (1) Petioles 0.5-2 cm.   1 P. heyneana
+ Petioles 4-19 cm.   2 P. latifolia
       
3 (1) Plants with nanophylls.   (4)
+ Plants without nanophyll.   (5)
       
4 (3) Stems prostrate, terete.   3 P. repens
+ Stems erect, winged or sharply, longitudinally angled.   16 P. caulialata
       
5 (3) Achenes smooth or striolate; leaf blade pinnately veined, without distinct major lateral veins.   (6)
+ Achenes tuberculate; leaf blade with one or both major lateral veins inserted above base or pinnately veined, without distinct major lateral veins.   (8)
       
6 (5) Herbs monoecious.   20 P. brachyceras
+ Herbs dioecious.   (7)
       
7 (6) Leaf blade 14-25 cm.   17 P. macrophylla
+ Leaf blade 4-10 cm.   18 P. incisoserrata
       
8 (5) Leaf blade peltate at base.   15 P. viridis
+ Leaf blade not peltate at base.   (9)
       
9 (8) Leaf blade pinnately veined, without distinct major lateral veins.   (10)
+ Leaf blade with major lateral veins asymmetric, one inserted above base.   (11)
       
10 (9) Leaf blade with cystoliths.   13 P. grijsii
+ Leaf blade without cystolith.   14 P. yunnanensis
       
11 (9) Herbs.   (12)
+ Subshrubs.   6 P. scabra
       
12 (11) Most leaf axils with a single leaf much smaller than the subtending leaf.   (13)
+ Leaf axils without such leaves.   (14)
       
13 (12) Stems ascending, unbranched, hairy; achene tuberculate.   8 P. veronicoides
+ Stems erect, branched, glabrous; achene smooth.   19 P. leiocarpa
       
14 (12) Male peduncles 11-13 cm.   4 P. longipedunculata
+ Male peduncles 0-6(-9) cm.   (15)
       
15 (14) Leaf blade up to 15 cm, petiole up to 7 mm.   (16)
+ Leaf blade 0.5-8 cm, petiole 0-4 mm.   (17)
       
16 (15) Leaf blade nearly undulate or undulate-crenate; cuneate at base.   11 P. paucidentata
+ Leaf blade crenate; obtuse or auriculate at base.   12 P. heteroloba
       
17 (15) Leaf apex rounded or obtuse.   10 P. brevifolia
+ Leaf apex acute, caudate or acuminate.   (18)
       
18 (17) Stipules triangular, 1-1.8 mm wide.   5 P. retrohispida
+ Stipules subulate, 0.1-0.2 mm wide.   (19)
       
19 (18) Stems densely retrorse-strigose.   7 P. acutidentata
+ Stems glabrous or puberulent.   9 P. radicans

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