| 1 |
Basal and cauline leaves homomorphic (or cauline leaves absent); fruit ribs denticulate or finely scabrid. |
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(2) |
| + |
Basal and cauline leaves heteromorphic, rarely homomorphic (see. P. gracillimum, P. leptophyllum, P. subalpinum, and P. trichomanifolium); fruit ribs filiform. |
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(13) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves only basal, cauline leaves absent (occasionally 1); inflorescence unbranched. |
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(3) |
| + |
Basal and cauline leaves present; inflorescence branched. |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaves 3-foliolate; fruit oblong-ovoid. |
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11 Pternopetalum nudicaule |
| + |
Leaves 1-pinnate; fruit ovoid. |
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12 Pternopetalum delicatulum |
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| 4 (2) |
Styles short, stylopodium low-conic. |
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(5) |
| + |
Styles elongate, stylopodium conic. |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaves 3-foliolate; bracts and bracteoles absent. |
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9 Pternopetalum trifoliatum |
| + |
Leaves 2–3-ternate; bracts 2–3; bracteoles 2–3. |
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10 Pternopetalum sinense |
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| 6 (4) |
Cauline leaves 1–2; umbellules usually 2-flowered. |
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(7) |
| + |
Cauline leaves 3–5; umbellules 2–3(–5)-flowered. |
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(9) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaf blades abaxially pale green; umbellules usually with only one flower fertile. |
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8 Pternopetalum yiliangense |
| + |
Leaf blades abaxially slightly glaucous; umbellules 2-flowered and all fertile. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaf blades subleathery, veins and margins cartilaginous, sparsely setose; fruit ovoid. |
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6 Pternopetalum cartilagineum |
| + |
Leaf blades membranous, veins and margins not cartilaginous, glabrous; fruit ovoid or
oblong-ovoid. |
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7 Pternopetalum molle |
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| 9 (6) |
Leaves 1–2-ternate or ternate-1-pinnate; fruit ribs finely scabrid. |
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(10) |
| + |
Leaves 1–2-ternate; fruit ribs denticulate. |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaves 1–2-ternate, margins double serrate. |
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4 Pternopetalum rosthornii |
| + |
Leaves ternate-1-pinnate, margins crenate. |
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5 Pternopetalum botrychioides |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaves 2-ternate; petals white; vittae 1 in each furrow. |
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3 Pternopetalum davidii |
| + |
Leaves ternate; petals purplish; vittae 1–3 in each furrow. |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Lateral leaflets undivided; fruit ovoid. |
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1 Pternopetalum wolffianum |
| + |
Lateral leaflets 2–3-lobed; fruit oblong-ovoid or ovoid. |
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2 Pternopetalum vulgare |
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| 13 (1) |
Basal and cauline leaves homogeneous. |
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(14) |
| + |
Basal and cauline leaves heteromorphic. |
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(17) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves 1–2-pinnate, ultimate segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate; styles short. |
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(15) |
| + |
Leaves ternate-2–4-pinnate, highly dissected, ultimate segments linear; styles short or elongate. |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Leaves 1-pinnate, pinnae broadly ovate; rays 5–9; petals purplish. |
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20 Pternopetalum subalpinum |
| + |
Leaves 2-pinnate, pinnae ovate-lanceolate; rays 6–25; petals white. |
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21 Pternopetalum leptophyllum |
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| 16 (14) |
Calyx teeth minute; styles short; both mericarps developing in fruit. |
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22 Pternopetalum gracillimum |
| + |
Calyx teeth conspicuous; styles elongate; only one mericarp developing in fruit. |
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23 Pternopetalum trichomanifolium |
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| 17 (13) |
Stems profusely branched and caespitose; umbels numerous, terminal on the branches. |
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19 Pternopetalum caespitosum |
| + |
Stems sparsely branched or unbranched; umbels terminal, a few lateral. |
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(18) |
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| 18 (17) |
Stems 3–5-branched; umbellules 3–4-flowered; vittae 1–3 in each furrow. |
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(19) |
| + |
Stems 1–2-branched; umbellules 2(–3)-flowered; vittae 1–2 in each furrow. |
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(21) |
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| 19 (18) |
Stems 1–2; basal leaves absent; styles shorter than stylopodium; fruit ovoid. |
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15 Pternopetalum longicaule |
| + |
Stem solitary; basal leaves present; styles nearly as long as or longer than the stylopodium; fruit oblong-ovoid or ovoid. |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Petals white; styles elongate; fruit oblong-ovoid. |
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13 Pternopetalum delavayi |
| + |
Petals purplish; styles as long as the stylopodium; fruit ovoid. |
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14 Pternopetalum cardiocarpum |
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| 21 (18) |
Calyx teeth conspicuous, triangular or subulate; styles elongate, longer than stylopodium; fruit ovoid. |
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16 Pternopetalum heterophyllum |
| + |
Calyx teeth obscure or minute; styles shorter than stylopodium; fruit oblong-ovoid. |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Rhizomes nodes not tuberculate; fruit ca. 3 × 1 mm. |
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17 Pternopetalum filicinum |
| + |
Rhizomes nodes tuberculate; fruit 2–2.5 × 1–2 mm. |
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18 Pternopetalum tanakae |
