| 1 |
Stem and inflorescence unbranched; umbels terminal; staminate flowers 9–20 per umbellule. |
|
(2) |
| + |
Stem and inflorescence branched; umbels terminal and lateral; staminate flowers 2–8 per umbellule. |
|
(4) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade usually shallowly 3–5-parted, rarely deeply divided; bracts shorter than the umbel; fruit covered with tubercles and scales, never with spines or bristles. |
|
3 Sanicula hacquetioides |
| + |
Leaf blade palmately 3-parted; bracts longer than or equaling the umbel; fruit covered with bristles or
tubercles. |
|
(3) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade sharply serrate, teeth spinulose; central rays 5–15 cm; fruit with bristles. |
|
1 Sanicula rubriflora |
| + |
Leaf blade finely serrate, teeth not spinulose; central rays 0.5–3.5 cm; fruit with tubercles or spinules. |
|
2 Sanicula tuberculata |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (1) |
Fertile flowers (1–)2–5 per umbellule; fruit densely covered with uncinate bristles or tubercles. |
|
(5) |
| + |
Fertile flowers 1 per umbellule (1–3 in S. caerulescens); fruit with straight bristles, spines or scales. |
|
(10) |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 (4) |
Inflorescence short, branches few, 1–4, to 1.5 cm. |
|
(6) |
| + |
Inflorescence elongate, branches numerous, more than 1.5 cm. |
|
(7) |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (5) |
Staminate flowers 5–7 per umbellule; fertile flowers 1 or 2. |
|
5 Sanicula serrata |
| + |
Staminate flowers 2 or 3 per umbellule; fertile flowers 2 or 3. |
|
11 Sanicula rugulosa |
| |
|
|
|
| 7 (5) |
Leaf blade deeply divided to 2/3–4/5, bases of central and lateral segments connected. |
|
12 Sanicula astrantiifolia |
| + |
Leaf blade 3–5-parted, bases of central and lateral segments separate or nearly so. |
|
(8) |
| |
|
|
|
| 8 (7) |
Rays very short, ca. 5 mm. |
|
13 Sanicula elata |
| + |
Rays rather long, 5–20 mm. |
|
(9) |
| |
|
|
|
| 9 (8) |
Calyx teeth linear, ca. 1.2 × 0.5 mm; styles equaling (rarely exceeding) calyx teeth, slightly recurved. |
|
14 Sanicula chinensis |
| + |
Calyx teeth ovate, ca. 0.5 × 0.3 mm; styles 2–3-times longer than the calyx teeth, recurved. |
|
15 Sanicula giraldii |
| |
|
|
|
| 10 (4) |
Leaf blade 3-parted, segments entire. |
|
(11) |
| + |
Leaf blade palmately 3–5-parted, segments usually 2–3-lobed. |
|
(12) |
| |
|
|
|
| 11 (10) |
Plants 20–50 cm high; stem erect; leaves more than 5 cm wide; peduncles elongate, cymose-branched. |
|
16 Sanicula pengshuiensis |
| + |
Plants to 25 cm high; stem decumbent; leaves less than 5 cm wide; peduncles short, subracemose. |
|
17 Sanicula oviformis |
| |
|
|
|
| 12 (10) |
Inflorescence subracemose; lateral umbels without peduncles, in fascicles. |
|
7 Sanicula caerulescens |
| + |
Inflorescence paniculate or subcorymbose; lateral umbels with distinct peduncles. |
|
(13) |
| |
|
|
|
| 13 (12) |
Leaves small, less than 2 × 3 cm; fruit furrows smooth, ribs bearing spiny crests. |
|
8 Sanicula petagnioides |
| + |
Leaves large, more than 2 × 3.5 cm; fruit densely covered with spines, scales or tubercles. |
|
(14) |
| |
|
|
|
| 14 (13) |
Inflorescence branches very slender, elongate; bracts ca. 0.5 mm; calyx teeth ca. 0.3 mm. |
|
6 Sanicula elongata |
| + |
Inflorescence branches stout, not elongate; bracts 1.5–3 mm; calyx teeth 0.6–1 mm. |
|
(15) |
| |
|
|
|
| 15 (14) |
Calyx teeth ovate, ca. 0.6 mm; fruit densely covered with scales and tubercles. |
|
4 Sanicula tienmuensis |
| + |
Calyx teeth linear or narrowly linear, 0.5–1 mm; fruit densely covered with
spines or erose lamellae. |
|
(16) |
| |
|
|
|
| 16 (15) |
Lateral segments of leaves oblique-ovate, shallowly 2-lobed or serrate-lobed; styles ca. 1.5 mm. |
|
9 Sanicula lamelligera |
| + |
Lateral segments of leaves oblique-obovate, deeply divided to base; styles 3.5–4 mm. |
|
10 Sanicula orthacantha |
