Trapa in Flora of China @ efloras.org

1. Trapa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 120. 1753.

菱属 ling shu

Morphological characters and geographic distribution are the same as those of the family.

Numerous species and infraspecific taxa have been proposed based on variations in size and ornamentation of the fruit. However, these variations overlap to such an extent that a more discrete definition of taxa is not supported here.

Plants are regionally cultivated for their fruit, which contain abundant starch and are consumed both raw and cooked. The seeds are ground into a flour used for medicine and making starch and wine. The fruit and fresh plants can be used for pig feed.

1 Plants small; stem 1-2.5 mm in diam.; leaves alternate, terminal rosette loose, if present, leaf blade rhombic-triangular, 1.5-3 × 2-4 cm, straight lateral edges forming near right angles at mid-blade, margin incised dentate; fruit narrowly rhombic, 4-horned, horns conic, tapering to a sharp point. 1 T. incisa

+ Plants stout; stem 2.5-6 mm in diam.; leaves in terminal rosettes, leaf blade deltoid-rhombic, 4-6 × 4-8 cm, lateral edges rounded, margin variously dentate; fruit variously turbinate to shortly rhombic, (0-)2-4-horned, horns variously triangular to conic, base thickened, apex blunt to sharp, or some horns reduced to a process. 2 T. natans

Lower Taxa

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