欧洲鳞毛蕨 ou zhou lin mao jue

Polypodium filix-mas Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1090. 1753; Aspidium filix-mas (Linnaeus) Swartz; Lastrea filix-mas (Linnaeus) C. Presl; Nephrodium filix-mas (Linnaeus) Richard; Polypodium filix-mas (Linnaeus) Roth; Polystichum polysorum Todaro.

Plants 50-120 cm tall. Rhizome creeping, apex densely scaly; scales pale brown, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, membranous, entire, with a capillary apex. Fronds caespitose; stipe dark stramineous or ferruginous, 20-30 cm, 3-8 mm in diam., clothed with narrowly lanceolate, fimbriate, dark brown scales and fibrillose scales extending upward along rachis; lamina oblong-lanceolate, 50-60 × 20-30 cm, widest at middle, bipinnate, gradually narrowed toward base, apex acuminate; pinnae ca. 28 pairs, slightly oblique, lanceolate, 12-20 × 1.5-2.5 cm, base truncate, shortly stalked, apex acuminate, lowest pinnae far apart, and shortened, ca. 2/3 as long as middle pinnae, pinnatisect; ultimate segments 18 or 19 pairs, slightly oblique, separated, oblong, incised-dentate on sides, apex obtuse. Lamina papery; veins pinnate, forked, 6 or 7 pairs on each pinnule, obscure on both surfaces, glabrous except for a few filiform scales on costae. Sori 3 or 4 pairs on each pinnule, on each side of costa, nearer to costa than to margin; indusia pale brown, orbicular-reniform, papery, margin incised, persistent.

Coniferous forests, streamsides; 1500-1900 m. N and NW Xinjiang [NE Afghanistan, India, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia (W Siberia); SW Asia (N Iran), Europe, North America].