南洋杉 nan yang shan

Eutassa cunninghamii (Aiton ex D. Don) Spach.

Trees to 70 m tall; trunk to more than 1 m d.b.h.; bark gray-brown or dark gray, rough, transversely split; crown tower-shaped when young, becoming flat topped with age; lateral branchlets dense, drooping, almost pinnately arranged. Leaves dimorphic: leaves of young trees and lateral branchlets loosely arranged, needlelike, falcate, subulate, or triangular, slightly curved, somewhat tetragonal or ridged (not obviously so abaxially), 0.7-1.7 cm × ca. 2.5 mm wide at base, stomatal lines weakly evident on abaxial surface, apex acute or acuminate; leaves on mature trees and cone-bearing branchlets densely arranged, overlapping, stretching upward, gray-green abaxially, glaucous, ovate to triangular, 6-10 mm, ca. 4 mm wide at base, ridged or not, midvein obvious or not, distal part of leaf tapering or slightly rounded, apex acute or obtuse. Pollen cones terminal, solitary, ovoid or ellipsoid. Seed cones ovoid or ellipsoid, 6-10 × 4.5-7.5 cm; bracts narrowly obovate, sharply ridged, with thin, lateral wing, apex caudate, thickened, acute, obviously reflexed; seed scales thin at apex. Seeds ellipsoid, with a membranous, lateral wing.

Cultivated. Guangdong (Guangzhou Shi), Hainan, Fujian (Xiamen Shi), S Yunnan (Jinghong Xian, Mengla Xian) [native to Papua New Guinea; NE Australia]

The illustration in FRPS (pl. 7) includes a branchlet (f. 1) of what may be another species cultivated in China, possibly Araucaria columnaris (J. R. Forster) Hooker, which is native to S New Caledonia and nearby islands. Indeed, this species has been recorded from extreme SE Xizang as a cultivated ornamental, but no voucher specimen has been seen by the authors.