长柱十大功劳 chang zhu shi da gong lao

Berberis borealis (Takeda) Laferrière var. parryi (Ahrendt) Laferrière; B. dolichostylis (Takeda) Laferrière; B. duclouxiana (Gagnepain) Laferrière; B. duclouxiana var. hilaica (Ahrendt) Laferrière; B. flavida (C. K. Schneider) Laferrière; B. flavida var. integrifoliola (Handel-Mazzetti) Laferrière; B. keikoe Laferrière; B. siamensis (Takeda) Laferrière; B. tsailunii Laferrière; Mahonia borealis Takeda var. parryi Ahrendt; M. dolichostylis Takeda; M. duclouxiana var. hilaica Ahrendt; M. flavida C. K. Schneider; M. flavida f. integrifoliola Handel-Mazzetti; M. mairei Takeda; M. siamensis Takeda.

Shrubs, 1.5-4 m tall. Leaves abaxially yellowish green, adaxially dull to slightly shiny, oblong to oblong-elliptic, 20-70 × 10-22 cm, thinly papery to thinly leathery; leaflets 4-9 pairs, obliquely arranged, separate to remote, sessile, lowest pair ca. 1 cm above base of petiole, abaxial veins distinctly raised, adaxial veins reticulate, indistinctly raised; rachis 3-5 mm in diam.; internodes 2.5-11 cm, decreasing in length apically; leaflets narrowly ovate or oblong-ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, increasing in length but decreasing in width from base to apex, lowest leaflets 1.5-3 × 1.2-2 cm, those above 4.5-16 × 1.5-5 cm, base rounded, oblique, margin with 3-12 teeth on each side, apex acuminate or acute, sometimes terminal leaflet much larger, to 18 × 4 cm, sessile or (more commonly) petiolule 1-3 cm. Inflorescence 4-15 simple or shortly branched fascicles of racemes, 8-30 cm; bracts of inflorescence broadly lanceolate to ovate, 2-3.5 cm × 5-8 mm. Pedicel 3.2-6 mm; floral bracts broadly lanceolate to ovate, 3-6.5 × 1.5-2.5 mm. Sepals yellow; outer sepals ovate to triangular-ovate, 1.1-3 × 1.1-5 mm; median sepals ovate or ovate-oblong to elliptic, 2.2-5 × 1.9-2.5 mm; inner sepals oblong to elliptic, 3.2-8 × 2-3.6 mm. Petals yellow, oblong to elliptic, 3-7.2 × 1.6-3.5 mm, base with distinct glands, apex emarginate, lobes obtuse. Stamens 3.5-5.5 mm; anther connective conspicuously prolonged, truncate or rounded. Ovary 5-6 mm in diam.; ovules 4-7; style 2-3 mm. Berry deep purple, pruinose, globose to subglobose, 5-8 mm in diam.; style persistent, 2-3 mm. Fl. Nov-Apr, fr. Mar-Jun.

Forests, thickets, roadsides, in light shade, dry slopes; 1800-2700 m. Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [India, Myanmar, Thailand].