蔊菜 han cai

Sisymbrium indicum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 917. 1763; Cardamine glandulosa Blanco; C. lamontii Hance; Nasturtium atrovirens (Hornemann) de Candolle; N. diffusum de Candolle; N. indicum (Linnaeus) de Candolle (1821), not Garsault (1764); N. montanum Wallich ex J. D. Hooker & Thomson; N. sinapis (N. L. Burman) O. E. Schulz; Radicula montana (Wallich ex J. D. Hooker & Thomson) Hu ex C. Pei; Rorippa atrovirens (Hornemann) Ohwi & H. Hara; R. montana (Wallich ex J. D. Hooker & Thomson) Small; R. sinapis (N. L. Burman) Ohwi & H. Hara; S. atrovirens Hornemann; S. sinapis N. L. Burman.

Herbs annual, (6-)20-60(-75) cm tall, glabrous or rarely sparsely pubescent. Stems often branched basally and apically. Basal leaves withered by flowering. Lower and middle cauline leaves auriculate or not; petiole absent or 1-4 cm; leaf blade lyrate-pinnatipartite or undivided, obovate, oblong, or lanceolate, (2.5-)3.5-12(-16) × (0.8-)1.5-4(-5) cm, margin entire, irregularly crenate, or serrate, apex obtuse or subacute; terminal lobe oblong, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, to 10 × 5 cm; lateral lobes absent or 1-5(or 6) on each side of midvein. Uppermost leaves usually sessile, auriculate or not; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong, margin entire, denticulate, or serrulate, apex acute or acuminate. Racemes ebracteate. Fruiting pedicels slender, ascending, divaricate, or rarely slightly reflexed, straight, (2-)3-10(-15) mm. Sepals often green or pinkish, ascending, oblong-ovate, 2-3 × 0.8-1.5 mm, margin membranous. Petals yellow, obovate or spatulate, (2.5-)3-4(-4.5) × 1-1.5 mm, rarely absent. Filaments 1.5-3 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.8 mm. Ovules (60-)70-110 per ovary. Fruit linear, (0.7-)1-2.4(-3) cm × 1-1.5(-2) mm, often curved upward; valves thin papery, not veined; style (0.5-)1-1.5(-2) mm, slender, narrower than fruit. Seeds reddish brown, ovate or ovate-orbicular, 0.5-0.9 × 0.4-0.6 mm, foveolate, biseriate or nearly so. Fl. and fr. throughout the year. 2n = 24*, 32*, 48*.

Roadsides, field margins, gardens, river banks; near sea level to 3200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in North and South America].

Although the type of Cardamine lamontii was collected from Hong Kong (Sep 1874, J. Lamont s.n. (holotype, BM)), that name was not listed in FRPS or any other provincial Chinese flora.

This species is used medicinally.