花锚 hua mao

Swertia corniculata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 227. 1753; Ha-lenia deltoides Gandoger; H. fischeri Graham; H. japonica Gandoger; H. siberica Borkhausen.

Plants 10-80 cm tall. Stems erect, subquadrangular, striate, simple or branched from base and/or above base. Basal leaves usually withered at anthesis; petiole flattened, 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 1-3 cm × 5-8 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded. Stem leaves sessile or short petiolate; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, 3-8 × 1-1.5 cm, densely papillate when young, abaxially hispidulous along veins, adaxially becoming smooth, base obtuse to subrounded, apex acuminate, veins 3. Pedicel 0.5-3 cm. Calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, 5-8 × 1-1.5 mm, margin hispid-ciliate, apex acuminate. Corolla yellow, campanulate, 1.1-1.4 cm in diam. including spurs; tube 4-5 mm, base with 4-8 mm spurs; lobes elliptic to ovate, 5-7 × 3-5 mm, apex obtuse and apiculate. Filaments 2-3 mm; anthers subglobose, ca. 0.8 mm in diam. Seeds brown, 1-1.4 × ca. 1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.

Grasslands, forest margins, forests; 200-1800 m. Hebei, Hei-longjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].