29. Wendlandia tinctoria (Roxburgh) Candolle, Prodr. 4: 411. 1830.
染色水锦树 ran se shui jin shu
Rondeletia tinctoria Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 134. 1824.
Shrubs or trees, to 6 m tall; branches somewhat flattened to terete or quadrangular, densely puberulent, velutinous, or hirtellous usually becoming glabrescent. Leaves opposite; petiole 0.5-2 cm, densely puberulent or strigillose to glabrous; blade drying papery to leathery, oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate, or obovate, 5.5-20 × 2.5-10 cm, adaxially sparsely strigillose at least on principal veins to glabrous throughout, abaxially sparsely to moderately strigillose or tomentose to glabrescent, base acute to obtuse, apex acute to acuminate; secondary veins 10-12 pairs, occasionally with pubescent and/or foveolate domatia; stipules generally persistent, triangular to ovate, 3-5.5 mm, densely strigillose or puberulent to glabrescent, apex cuspidate, erect or slightly spreading with age. Inflorescences paniculate, pyramidal in outline, 9-17 × 9-22 cm, branched to 2-4 orders, densely strigillose, pilosulous, velutinous, tomentose, hirtellous, or villosulous, sessile and tripartite or pedunculate; peduncle 0.8-4 cm; bracts linear to narrowly elliptic, 1-5 mm; pedicels to 0.8 mm. Flowers sessile to shortly pedicellate. Calyx densely hirtellous or pilosulous to glabrous; hypanthium portion subglobose to ellipsoid or turbinate, 0.8-1 mm; limb lobed nearly to base; lobes spatulate, triangular, or lanceolate, 0.8-1 mm. Corolla white, tubular-funnelform, outside glabrous and/or variously densely villosulous or strigillose; tube 3-4 mm, pilose in throat; lobes elliptic to ovate, 0.8-1 mm. Anthers oblong, ca. 0.5 mm, subsessile, partially exserted. Stigma 2-lobed, 0.5-0.8 mm. Capsules ovoid, ca. 1.5 × 2-2.5 mm, hirtellous to glabrous. Fl. and fr. Jan-Dec.
Dry sparse forests, dense forests, or thickets in valleys, in ravines, or on mountain slopes; 200-2800 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Cowan recognized seven infraspecific taxa of this species, with five found in China; two additional infraspecific taxa from China were described by F. C. How. In Cowan’s circumscription, Wendlandia tinctoria subsp. tinctoria was widespread in India and also found in Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, and Thailand but not known from China.
