小白及 xiao bai ji

Bletia formosana Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 323. 1911; B. kotoensis Hayata; B. morrisonicola Hayata; Bletilla formosana f. kotoensis (Hayata) T. P. Lin; B. formosana f. rubrolabella S. S. Ying; B. kotoensis (Hayata) Schlechter; B. morrisonicola (Hayata) Schlechter; B. striata (Thunberg) H. G. Reichenbach var. kotoensis (Hayata) Masamune; B. szetschuanica Schlechter; B. yunnanensis Schlechter; B. yunnanensis var. limprichtii Schlechter; Jimensia formosana (Hayata) Garay & R. E. Schultes; J. kotoensis (Hayata) Garay & R. E. Schultes; J. morrisonicola (Hayata) Garay & R. E. Schultes; J. szetschuanica (Schlechter) Garay & R. E. Schultes; J. yunnanensis (Schlechter) Garay & R. E. Schultes.

Plants 15-80 cm tall. Rhizome usually dorsiventrally compressed, subglobose to ovoid, 1-2 cm in diam. Stem 5-15 cm, enclosed by several tubular sheaths, 2-8-leaved. Leaves widely spaced along stem, linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 6-40 × 0.5-1.5(-4.5) cm, base contracted into amplexicaul sheath, apex acuminate. Peduncle 20-60 cm, slender, usually with 1 short sheathing bract; rachis to 10 cm, flexuous, simple or occasionally branched, (1 or)2-6-flowered; floral bracts deciduous at anthesis, oblong-lanceolate, 10-13 mm, apex acuminate. Flowers erect or spreading, pale purple or pink, rarely white; pedicel and ovary twisted, 8-12 mm. Sepals pale purple or pink, rarely white, lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 15-21 × 4-6.5 mm, lateral ones slightly oblique, apex subacute. Petals similar to sepals but slightly narrower, oblique, pale purple or pink, rarely white; lip whitish to pale yellow with small dark purple spots and broken lines, broadly elliptic, 15-18 × 8-9 mm, 3-lobed above middle; lateral lobes erect and embracing column, obliquely suborbicular, apex acute; mid-lobe suborbicular to square, 4-5 × 4-5 mm, margin slightly crisped, apex obtuse-truncate or rarely slightly emarginate; disk with 5 undulate lamellae extending from base of lip almost to apex of mid-lobe. Column subterete, 12-13 mm, slender, dilated toward apex, with narrow wings; rostellum broadly suborbicular. Capsule to ca. 2.5 cm. Fl. Apr-Jun. 2n = 16, 32, 36.

Evergreen broad-leaved forests, Quercus forests, coniferous forests, grasslands, grassy slopes, crevices; 600-3100 m. SE Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Japan (Ryukyu Islands)].

This species is thought to hybridize with Bletilla ochracea in the wild, and critical re-examination of B. szetschuanica and B. yunnanensis, treated as synonyms here, may reveal them to be natural hybrids.