单侧花 dan ce hua

Pyrola secunda Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 396. 1753; Actinocyclus secundus (Linnaeus) Klotzsch, invalid; Orthilia parvifolia Rafinesque; P. secunda var. vulgaris Turczaninow; Ramischia secunda (Linnaeus) Garcke; R. secundiflora Opiz.

Shrubs evergreen, herbaceous. Rhizome long creeping, slender, 0.5–1 mm in diam., woody, branched. Stems erect or ascending, 2–10 cm, 0.8–1.5 mm in diam., simple, angular, longitudinally minutely papillose. Leaves in 1–3 subverticils of 2–4 each, alternating with 5–7 scales; petiole 1–2 cm, minutely papillose; leaf blade pale green abaxially, light green adaxially, oblong-ovate to broadly ovate or elliptic, 2.2–3.7 × 1.4–2.6 cm, thinly leathery to herbaceous, abaxially glabrous, adaxially slightly shiny, base obtuse to truncate, margin crenulate-serru-late, apex acute to subobtuse or mucronulate. Scape 7–14 cm tall, slender, 0.4–1 mm in diam., loosely and minutely papillose, angled; scales 5–8 at middle and base, narrowly ovate or broadly lanceolate, 2–5 mm. Raceme with 8–15 rather densely arranged flowers along one side. Bracts broadly oblanceolate or broadly lanceolate, 3–5 mm, membranous, somewhat hyaline-margined, apex abruptly acute. Pedicel ca. 3 mm, slender, rather prominently papillose. Sepals overlapping at base, depressed-orbicular, 0.8–1 mm, margin minutely toothed, apex obtuse. Petals erect, greenish white, 3–5 mm. Anthers 1–1.5 mm, apex truncate; pores 0.3–0.4 mm wide. Style exserted, straight or slightly curved, ca. 4 mm; stigma peltate with 5 shallow lobes. Capsules 5-angular, ca. 4 mm in diam. Seeds with thin testa prolonged at both ends, fusiform to oblong; testa generally with 6–8 cells along longest axis. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep–Oct. 2n = 38.

Deciduous broad-leaved or subalpine coniferous forests; sea level to 3200 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang [Japan, Kashmir, N Korea, Mongolia, Russia; widely distributed in N temperate and subarctic zones].