莎状砖子苗 suo zhuang zhuan zi miao

Kyllinga cyperina Retzius, Observ. Bot. 6: 21. 1791; Cyperus cyperinus var. bengalensis (C. B. Clarke) Kükenthal; C. cyperoides (Linnaeus) Kuntze subsp. cyperinus (Retzius) Kükenthal; C. umbellatus Bentham f. cyperinus (Retzius) C. B. Clarke; Mariscus cyperinus (Retzius) Vahl; M. cyperinus var. bengalensis C. B. Clarke; M. umbellatus Vahl var. cyperinus (Retzius) E. G. Camus.

Perennials. Rhizomes short. Culms scattered, 15-70 cm tall, slightly stout, acutely triquetrous, smooth, base many leaved. Leaves shorter than culm; sheath purplish red; leaf blade 5-7 mm wide, slightly flaccid or stiff, folded at basal part and spreading at apical part, abaxially midvein and margin scabrous. Involucral bracts 6-10, leaflike, longer to slightly shorter than inflorescence, margin scabrous. Inflorescence a simple anthela; rays 6-10, short or to 4.5 cm, unequal in length, with a single spike at apex. Spikes oblong-obovoid, often appearing to taper toward base or rarely cylindric, 1-1.8[-3] × 0.8-1.2 cm, with many densely arranged spikelets, base cuneate to subtruncate. Spikelets erect to erect-spreading, narrowly linear-ovoid to linear-oblong, 4-6.5 × ca. 1 mm, each (1 or)2-4-flowered; rachilla wings lanceolate, broad. Glumes crowded, brownish to purplish red on both surfaces, elliptic, ca. 3.5 mm, papery, veins several with middle 3 conspicuous and green, keeled, apex obtuse to acute and not mucronate. Stamens 3; anthers broadly linear, 1-1.5 mm; connective prominent beyond anthers. Style of medium length; stigmas 3. Nutlet dark grayish brown, narrowly oblong, 2-2.5 × 0.6-0.9 mm, ca. 2/3 as long as subtending glume, 3-sided, slightly curved in dorsiventral view, with dense punctate processes. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.

Dense forests, wet places on mountain slopes, grasslands, river margins, water margins, valleys; (near sea level to) 300-700(-1800) m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; SW Asia (Yemen), NE Australia, Indian Ocean islands, Pacific islands].