接骨草 jie gu cao

Ebulus chinensis (Lindley) Nakai; E. formosana (Nakai) Nakai; Sambucus argyi H. Léveillé; S. chinensis Lindley; S. chinensis var. formosana (Nakai) H. Hara; S. chinensis var. pinnatilobata G. W. Hu; S. formosana Nakai; S. formosana var. arborescens Kanehira & Sasaki; S. henriana Samutina; S. hookeri Rehder; S. javanica var. argyi (H. Léveillé) Rehder; S. javanica subsp. chinensis (Lindley) Fukuoka.

Herbs, suffrutescent, or low shrubs, 1-2 m tall. Stem obviously striate; pith white; lenticels inconspicuous. Leaves imparipinnate; stipules leaflike or sometimes reduced to blue glands; lateral leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, alternate or opposite, narrowly ovate, 6-13 × 2-3 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescent when young, base obtuse and oblique, margin serrulate, often with 1 to several glandular teeth from below middle nearly to base, apex long acuminate; terminal leaflet ovate or obovate, base cuneate, sometimes connected with next lower leaflets, basal pair of leaflets shortly petiolulate; stipules of leaflets absent. Inflorescences terminal, compound umbellate cymes, lax, pedunculate, with leaflike bracts at base of peduncle, with 3-5 slender rays, with sparse yellow pubescence. Some flowers modified into persistent urceolate nectaries. Flowers: calyx tube urceolate, lobes triangular; corolla white, connate at base; anthers yellow or purple; ovary locules 3; styles short or nearly absent; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit red, subglobose, 3-4 mm in diam.; pyrenes 3 or 4, ovoid, ca. 2.5 mm, verrucate. Fl. Apr-May(-Aug), fr. Aug-Sep.

Mountain slopes, forests, streamsides, grasslands; 300-2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].

Sambucus javanica often has abundant extrafloral nectaries on the petioles, branchlets, young stems, peduncle, and inflorescence branches.