1a. Neottianthe cucullata var. cucullata
二叶兜被兰(原变种) er ye dou bei lan (yuan bian zhong)
Orchis cucullata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 939. 1753; Gymnadenia cucullata (Linnaeus) Richard; G. cucullata var. maculata Nakai & Kitagawa; G. monophylla Ames & Schlechter; G. pseudodiphylax Kraenzlin; G. scabrilinguis Kraenzlin; Habenaria cucullata (Linnaeus) Höfft; Himantoglossum cucullatum (Linnaeus) H. G. Reichenbach; Neottianthe angustifolia K. Y. Lang; N. cucullata f. maculata (Nakai & Kitagawa) Nakai & Kitagawa; N. maculata (Nakai & Kitagawa) Nakai & Kitagawa; N. monophylla (Ames & Schlechter) Schlechter; N. pseudodiphylax (Kraenzlin) Schlechter; N. pseudodiphylax var. monophylla (Ames & Schlechter) Soó.
Leaves ovate, elliptic, or sometimes narrowly oblong, (0.5-)1-3 cm wide, base cuneate, apex acute to obtuse. Peduncle with 1-4 small sterile bracts, lowest one sometimes herbaceous; rachis laxly to subdensely 4-22-flowered. Sepals and petals connivent and forming a hood; hood 3-5 mm wide. Dorsal sepal 4-6 × 1.5-2 mm; lateral sepals 1.5-2.5 mm wide. Petals 4-5 × ca. 0.5 mm; spur pendulous, usually strongly curved forward and U-shaped. Fl. Aug-Sep.
Open places in forests, thickets, grassy slopes; 400-4100 m. Anhui, N Fujian, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, W Hubei, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, W Sichuan, Xizang, NW Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, N India, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia; E Europe].