1. Cladium jamaicence Crantz subsp. chinense (Nees) T. Koyama, Stearn & L. H. J. Williams in H. Hara, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal. 1: 105. 1978.
克拉莎 ke la suo
Cladium chinense Nees in Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey Voy. 228. 1837; C. mariscus (Linnaeus) Pohl subsp. chinense (Nees) Govaerts.
Herbs, clump-forming. Rhizomes short, creeping. Culms solitary, 1-2.5 m tall, terete at base, many noded. Leaves cauline; ligule absent; leaf blade broadly linear, 60-80 cm × 8-10 mm, V-shaped in cross section, thickly leathery, gradually tapering apically to a 3-angled caudate apex, margin and abaxial midvein strongly antrorsely scabrous. Involucral bracts leaflike, decreasing in length distally, margin and abaxial midvein strongly antrorsely scabrous. Inflorescences with 5-8 terminal and lateral anthelae; peduncles compressed; bractlets glumelike, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, papery, veins brown, apex caudate to acuminate. Spikelets in 4-12 rusty brown globose heads, ovoid to broadly so, ca. 3 × 4-7 mm. Glumes 6-8, ovate to broadly ovate, apex obtuse to acute; basal 4 glumes empty, apical 2 fertile. Distal flower bisexual, basal flower functionally male. Anthers ca. 2 mm. Style slender; stigmas 3, as long as style, pubescent. Nutlet brown, oblong-ovoid, ca. 2.5 mm, base rounded, apex obscurely beaked. Fl. and fr. May.
Wet places, swamps; ca. 2200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, E Xizang, Yunnan [India, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Vietnam; Pacific islands].
Cladium jamaicence subsp. jamaicence occurs in tropical America.