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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 23 | Cyperaceae

20. Carex sect. Radicales (Kükenthal) Nelmes, Reinwardtia. 1: 389. 1951.

根穗薹草组 gen sui tai cao zu

Authors: Lun-Kai Dai & Tetsuo Koyama

Carex subsect. Radicales Kükenthal in Engler, Pflanzenr. 38(IV. 20): 480. 1909.

Involucral bracts leaflike, longer than inflorescence, long sheathed. Spikes androgynous, 1 to several, usually remote, lowest spike borne from middle part or base of culm, rarely contiguous. Utricles papery or subleathery, pubescent, hispidulous, or glabrous, usually ciliate on margins, many veined, apex abruptly contracted into a short beak. Style base usually thickened, rarely not thickened; stigmas 3.

About 20 species: E, S, and SE Asia; 13 species (ten endemic) in China.


1 Culms 35-55 cm tall; leaf blades 8-20 mm wide; spikes 2-6, cylindric, 4-6 cm, 3-5 mm thick; peduncles short, enclosed in involucral bract sheath; utricles glabrous; style base not thickened.   121 C. courtallensis
+ Culms not exceeding 30 cm tall; leaf blades 2-5 mm wide or filiform; spikes 1-5, ovate to cylindric, 3-40 mm, 2-6 mm thick; peduncles slender, exserted from involucral bract sheath; utricles pubescent, hispidulous, or glabrous; style base thickened   (2)
       
2 (1) Culms short, shorter than leaves; involucral bract leaf setaceous or scalelike; utricles 2-2.5 mm; style densely brown granular-punctate   (3)
+ Culms long, longer than or equaling leaves; involucral bract leaflike; utricles 3.5-6.5 mm; style smooth or hairy, sometimes style and nutlets granular-punctate   (4)
       
3 (2) Culms obtusely trigonous, filiform, not exceeding 0.5 mm thick; involucral bract leaf setaceous; spikes ovate or ovate-oblong, 2-5 mm; style flat.   122 C. tsoi
+ Culms flat, ca. 1 mm thick; involucral bract leaf scalelike; spikes cylindric, 5-10 mm; style cylindric.   123 C. planiscapa
       
4 (2) Leaves subleathery, stiff; culms robust, stiff   (5)
+ Leaves herbaceous, soft; culms thin   (7)
       
5 (4) Spikes ovate, 2.5-3 cm, 8-10 mm thick; utricles 6-6.5 mm.   133 C. pterocaulos
+ Spikes cylindric, 2.5-4.5 cm, 5-6 mm thick; utricles not surpassing 5.5 mm   (6)
       
6 (5) Leaf blades flat, 3-4 mm wide; utricles ovate; nutlets smooth.   131 C. caudispicata
+ Leaf blades linear, ca. 1 mm wide; utricles elliptic or oblong; nutlets granular-punctate on surface.   132 C. anningensis
       
7 (4) Spikes 4-6, lowermost one remote, others approximate, peduncles rather short, enclosed in involucral bract sheath, except lowermost one.   124 C. cylindrostachys
+ Spikes 1-3, remote, borne at middle part or base of culm, except terminal spike, long pedunculate and exserted, male flower part usually shorter than or nearly equaling female flower part   (8)
       
8 (7) Culms and leaves hispidulous; culms, female glumes, and utricles granular-punctate on surface; style thickened, globose.   125 C. chlorocephalula
+ Culms and leaves glabrous; culms, female glumes, and utricles not granular-punctate on surface; style base thickened   (9)
       
9 (8) Spikes ovate; lower female glumes with a rather long or short awn at apex   (10)
+ Spikes oblong to cylindric; female glumes without an awn at apex   (11)
       
10 (9) Utricles hispidulous; style pubescent; spikes 5-8 mm.   126 C. chuana
+ Utricles glabrous; style smooth; spikes 8-20 mm.   127 C. delavayi
       
11 (9) Leaves linear, blades 1-1.5 mm wide; utricles obovate-oblong, 4-4.2 mm; nutlet and style granular-punctate on surface.   130 C. tsaiana
+ Leaves flat, blades 2-10 mm wide; utricles oblong or obovate; nutlet and style smooth   (12)
       
12 (11) Utricles oblong, 4-5 mm, green, thinly few veined, pubescent, eventually glabrescent; style base slightly thickened; leaf blades 4-10 mm wide.   128 C. speciosa
+ Utricles obovate, ca. 4 mm, yellowish brown, thickly several veined, glabrous; style base thickened, conic; leaf blades 2-4 mm wide.   129 C. funhuangshanica

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