Plenasium javanicum (Blume) C. Presl.

Rhizome massive. Fronds to 2 m, monomorphic with pinnae dimorphic; stipe shiny, pale brown, up to 60 cm, up to 1.5 cm in diam. at base, stiff; lamina shiny, pale green, broadly oblong, up to 80 × 50 cm, leathery, glabrous, pinnate; pinnae 25-30 pairs, lower pairs opposite, up to 22 × 2-2.5 cm; upper ones alternate, ascending, 4-5 cm apart, lanceolate, margin entire, undulate, or minutely serrate; veins thick, 2 or 3 times furcate; a few middle or below-middle pairs of pinnae fertile, linear, 5-12 × ca. 1 cm, sometimes basal ones sterile and wider.

Tropical evergreen forests; 600-1600 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [S India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].