Garcinia hainanensis Merrill.

Trees, rarely shrubs, (3-)5-15 m tall, 20-40 cm in diam. Bark gray, scabrid. Twigs gray, angled. Petiole 0.6-1.2 cm; leaf blade abaxially glaucous-green or brown when dry, ovate, oblong-ovate, or oblong-obovate, 7-16(-20) × 3-6 cm, thinly leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 10-15 pairs, slender, joining near leaf margin; tertiary veins and veinlets inconspicuous adaxially, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin somewhat recurved, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse. Plant monoecious. Male flowers sometimes solitary, sometimes in a thyrse 5-7 cm, 2-3 cm in diam.; pedicels 0.8-1.5 cm; sepals 2 large, 2 small; petals orange, obovate, 1-5 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles stalk 2-3 mm, each fascicle with 50 anthers; anthers aggregated into a head, 2-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode columnar; stigma distinctly peltate, 4-lobed. Female flowers 1-5; staminode fascicles short, stalk ca. 1.5 mm, shorter than pistil; ovary oblong, wider in upper half, 2-loculed; stigma sessile, peltate, large, thick. Mature fruit yellow, ovoid to obovoid, 3-5 × 2.5-3 cm, smooth. Seeds 1 or 2, oblong, 2-2.5 cm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Nov-Dec, flowers and fruit appear occasionally at same time.

This is a widely adaptable species growing in various habitats and at various elevations.

The seeds yield up to 50% oil (seed pulp up to 55% oil). The oil is used for manufacturing soap or as a lubricant for machines. The bark is used as an external medicine to reduce inflammation. The timber is hard, and is used for making furniture, boats, and woodcuts.

Open or dense forests on mountain slopes, valley margins, secondary forests, thickets; (100-)400-1200(-1900) m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, SW Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [N Vietnam].