棕色曲尾藓

Dicranum scoparium (Hedw.) var. fuscescens (Turn.) Weber & Mohr, Bot. Taschenb. 174. 1807. Dicranodon scoparium (Hedw.) var. fuscescens (Turn.) Béhéré, Muscol. Rothom. 29. 1826. Dicranum congestum ssp. fuscescens (Turn.) Amann, Fl. Mouss. Suisse 2: 56. 1919. Dicranum congestum Brid., Muscol. Recent. Suppl. 1: 76. 1806. Dicranum fuscescens ssp. congestum (Brid.) Kindb., Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 7(9): 93. 1883. Dicranum fuscescens var. congestum (Brid.) Husn., Muscol. Gall. 34. 1884.

Plants medium-sized to moderately large, 2–5 cm high, dull green to brownish or dark brown, not or only slightly shiny, in dense tufts. Stems erect or ascending, simple or branched from the base, densely tomentose below. Leaves usually crispate when dry, falcate-secund, or flexuose to erect-spreading when moist, narrowly lanceolate, 4–7 mm long, gradually narrowed to a slender, somewhat keeled acumen; margins plane, entire below, serrulate to double-toothed above the middle part of leaves; costa stout, occupying ca. 1/6 – ¼ the leaf base width, shortly excurrent, often serrulate at back in the upper half; upper cells subquadrate to short-rectangular, 8–12 µm wide, moderately thick-walled, smooth or occasionally projecting on the leaf dorsal surface; basal cells rectangular, thick-walled, more or less pitted; alar cells clearly inflated, brownish, thin-walled, occasionally bistratose, not extending to the costa. Dioicous. Male plants normal. Perichaetial leaves high convolute-sheathing, abruptly subulate. Setae single, 1.2–2.5 cm long, yellowish brown to reddish brown, twisted when dry; capsules inclined to horizontal, short-cylindric, 1.7–3.0 mm long, curved, asymmetric, often somewhat strumose and furrowed when dry; opercula obliquely long-rostrate, nearly as long as the urns; annuli in 2 rows of large cells; stomata few; peristome teeth ca. 0.5 mm long, irregularly 2–3 divided to the middle, reddish brown, papillose above, vertically striolate below. Spores 15–20 µm in diameter.

Type. Scotland.

Chinese specimens examined: GUIZHOU: Jiang-kou Co., C. Gao & J.-Y. Feng 32345, 32591 (IFSBH), C. Gao 32346, 32705 (ALTA, IFSBH). HEILONGJIANG: Hai-lin Co., C. Gao 3782 (ALTA, IFSBH). JILIN: An-tu Co., C. Gao 7583 (ALTA, IFSBH); Chang-bai Co., C. Gao 7594 (IFSBH), 7691 (IFSBH, as Dicranum fuscescens ssp. congestum). LIAONING: Kuan-dian Co., Y.-C. Zhu 1362 (ALTA, IFSBH). NEI MONGOL: Da Xing An Ling (Greater Khingan Mt.), C. Gao 1029 (IFSBH), P.-C. Chen & C. Gao 813 (IFSBH, as Dicranum fuscescens ssp. congestum). SHAANXI: Tai-bai Co., J.-X. Luo 2079 (IFSBH, PE). SICHUAN: Nan-chuan Co., M.-Z. Wang 860250 (MO, PE); Xiang-cheng Co., S. He 31773 (MO, PE). XIZANG: Mo-tuo Co., Y.-G. Su 4491 (IFSBH, KUN).

Habitat: on bases of trees, rotten logs, or rocks; Distribution: China, Korea, Japan, Russia, Europe, Greenland, and North America.

Illustrations: C. Gao (ed.) 1994 (Pl. 121, figs. 1–11; Pl. 130, figs. 8).