白发藓

Plants often robust, up to 20 cm high, whitish to grayish green, in dense compact tufts or cushions. Stems erect, simple or branched; central strand absent. Leaves erect to erect-spreading or sometimes subsecund, 4–8 mm long, lanceolate to gradually narrowed to subtubulose apices from an oblong-ovate base, acute to apiculate or bluntly mucronate at the apex, dorsal side of leaf acumina smooth; margins entire, bordered by 2–3 rows of linear cells, basal laminae consisting of 5–9 rows of quadrate to rectangular cells; costa in cross section with 2(–3) layers of leucocysts on both sides of chlorocysts in the upper part of leaves, sometime 3(–4) layers of leucocysts on both sides of chlorocysts near leaf base. Dioicous. Setae slender, 2–3 cm long, reddish brown; capsules ovoid, 1.5–2.0 mm long, strongly inclined and curved, strumose; opercula long-rostrate; annuli none; peristome teeth the same as described under the genus.

Type. "In sylvis uliginosis, pinetis, ericetis, pratisque paludosis caepsitose vitam degit, totius Europae et Americae septemtrionalis nec non Jamaicae incola.".

Chinese specimens examined: FUJIAN: Wu-yi Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 2438 (MO); Xihou Shan (Mt.), L.-J. Zeng 12, 20 (IBSC). GUANGDONG: Chi-xing Co., P.-J. Lin 4496 (IBSC); Ding-hu Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin et al. 89 (IBSC); Le-chang Co., G.-C. Zhang 26 (IBSC); Long-men Co., Nankun Shan Exped. Team 71581 (IBSC); Sai-lin Shan (Mt.), Y.W. Taam 487 (IBSC); San-jiao Shan (Mt.), W.-T. Tsang 24999 (IBSC). GUANGXI: Shang-si Co., P.-J. Lin et al. 2030 (IBSC); Tian-lin Co., C. Gao 2541 (IBSC, IFSBH). GUIZHOU: Jiang-kou Co., C. Gao 31631 (IFSBH); Sui-yang Co., C. Gao et al. 33242 (IBSC, IFSBH). HAINAN: Diao-luo Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 3523 (IBSC); Li-mu-ling (Mt.), P.-J. Lin et al. 174 (IBSC); Wu-zhi Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 2512 (IBSC). HENAN: Shang-cheng Co., M. Liu 2140 (IBSC). HUNAN: Dawei Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin et al. 360, 519 (IBSC); Da-yong City Zhangjiajie (Mt.), D.-K. Li 18120, 18247 (IBSC, SHM); Mang Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 838, 943 (IBSC); Yuelu Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 30, 114 (IBSC). JIANGXI: Lu Shan (Mt.), R.-L. Hu 21, 34 (IBSC, HSNU); Jinggang Shan (Mt.), D.-K. Li 016906 (IBSC, SHM). LIAONING: Zhuang-he Co., C. Gao 775, 776 (IBSC, IFSBH). SICHUAN: Omei Shan (Mt.), C. Gao 18737 (IBSC, IFSBH); Ya-an Co., C. Gao et al. 17116 (IFSBH). TAIWAN: A Li Shan (Mt.), Iwatsuki 140 (HIRO, NICH); Nan-tong Co., M.-J. Lai 1503 (TAI). XIZANG: Ya-dong Co., S.-K. Chen 4993 (KUN). YUNNAN: Che-li Co., Q.-W. Wang 9992 (PE); Da-guan Co., X.-J. Li 4206 (KUN); Gong-shan Co., M.-Z. Wang 9246 (PE); Lu-shui Co., J.-X. Luo 812765 (b) (PE); Teng-chong Co., B.-S. Li 34 (PE); Xin-ping Co., X.-J. Li 4065 (KUN); Xi-shuang-banna, W.-X. Xu 6022 (YUKU); Yi-liang Co., X.-J. Li 4349 (KUN). ZHEJIANG: Heng-zhou City, R.-L. Hu 26, 332 (HSNU); Long-tang Shan (Mt.), W.-T. Ma 26 (IBSC); Tian-mu Shan (Mt.), R.-L. Hu 19 (HSNU).

Habitat: on humus under coniferous-broadleaf forests; Distribution: widely distributed in temperate and cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Illustrations: C. Gao (ed.) 1994 (Pl. 145, figs. 1–4); Yamaguchi 1993 (Pls. XLII–XLIV).