灰土对齿藓

Barbula tophacea (Brid.) Mitt., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot., Suppl. 1: 135. 1859.

Plants medium-sized to large, 30–60 mm high, green to brownish green, in dense tufts. Stems erect, often branched. Leaves appressed, but usually contorted-curved when dry, obliquely spreading when moist, oblong-ovate, gradually narrowed toward a round apex; margins entire, revolute; costa stout, ending just below the apex; upper leaf cells rounded triangular to pentagonal, thick-walled, sparsely unipapillose; basal cells slightly longer, short-rectangular. Setae slender, reddish brown; capsules erect, cylindrical; peristome teeth short, straight, divided deeply to the base; opercula conic-rostrate, with a short beak.

Type. Europe.

Chinese specimens examined: LIAONING: Shen-yang City, P.-C. Chen 3 (MO, PE). NEI MONGOL: Da-qing Shan (Mt.), X.-L. Yang 1 (PE); He-lan Shan (Mt.), Z.-G. Tong 1136 (PE); Wu-sheng Qi (Co.), S.-P. Yong 4 (PE). QINGHAI: Kun-lun Shan (Mt.), R.-F. Huang 2 (HKAS). SHAANXI: Tai-bai Shan (Mt.), Z.-P. Wei 6184 (HKAS). SHANDONG: Tai Shan (Mt.), C. Gao & Z.-T. Zhao 34037 (IFSBH). SHANXI: Heng-shan Co., W.-Z. Wang 48379 (MO, PE). SICHUAN: Mu-li Co., K.-K. Chen 691 (HKAS); Song-pan Co., Allen 7305 (MO). XINJIANG: Qing-he Co., Z.-Z. Lin 70 (PE). XIZANG: Long-zi Co., M. Zang 1350 (HKAS); Ya-dong Co., M. Zang 532 (HKAS). YUNNAN: Li-jiang Co., Handel-Mazzetti 6721 (H); Zhong-dian Co., X.-J. Li 81–1496 (HKAS).

Habitat: on rocks or soil in forests or near river banks; Distribution: China, Japan, India, Pakistan, Russia (Siberia), Europe, North and South America, and northern Africa.

Illustrations: C. Gao (ed.) 1996 (Pl. 66, figs. 1–5, as Barbula tophacea).