中华缩叶藓

Ptychomitrium microcarpum (C. Müll.) Par., Ind. Bryol. 1058. 1898. Ptychomitrium sinense var. microcarpum (C. Müll.) Card. ex Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 11: 9. 1925. Brachysteleum microcarpum C. Müll., Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. N. Sér. 3: 107. 1896. Syntypes. China: Shaanxi (Schen-si), In-kia-po, Giraldi s.n. July 1894 (H); Si-ku-tziu-san, Giraldi s.n., July 1894 (H). Ptychomitrium sinense (Mitt.) Jaeg. var. humile Nog., J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 12: 10. 1954.

Plants small, (0.2–)0.5–1.1 cm high, green to yellowish green above, dark green to brown below, in dense cushions or tufts. Stems simple or sparsely branched; central strand well developed. Leaves 2.0–4.1 mm long, strongly incurved and somewhat twisted when dry, erect-spreading when moist, oblong-lanceolate from a short oblong base, concave above, bluntly acute at the apex; margins erect, entire; costa single, strong, ending just below the apex; upper leaf cells often obscure, rounded quadrate to subquadrate, 8–14 µm wide, with slightly thickened walls; basal cells short-rectangular to rectangular, 13–26 µm x 8–14(–18) µm, hyaline, thin-walled. Autoicous. Perigonia often found below perichaetia. Perichaetial leaves similar to vegetative leaves, slightly smaller. Setae straight, yellowish brown, variable in length, (1.5–)2–9 mm long; capsules erect, ovoid, oblong-ovoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 1.0–2.5 mm long, yellow or orange-brown; annuli well developed, consisting of two rows of thick-walled cells; peristome teeth short, yellow, lanceolate, obtuse, forked nearly to the base, 0.13–0.23 mm long, densely papillose; opercula with a long, erect beak. Calyptrae mitrate, covering almost entire capsule, longitudinally plicate, lobed at the base. Spores yellowish green, spherical, 13–18 µm in diameter, finely papillose.

Syntypes. China: Jiangsu (Kiang-si), Nan-kong-foo, Alexander s.n. (NY); Japan: “Oldham” (NY).

Chinese specimens examined: BEIJING: Xiang Shan (Mt.), D.-K. Li 05606 (SHM). HEBEI: Wu-ling Shan (Mt.), J.-X. Ji 827 (IFSBH). HEILONGJIANG: Xiao Xing An Ling, P.-C. Chen & C. Gao 270 (IFSBH). HENAN: Nei-xiang Co., J.-X. Luo 114 (PE); Tong-bai Shan (Mt.), Xinxiang Normal College 63 (PE); Xin-yang Co., Xinxiang Normal College 53 (PE), J.-X. Luo 31 (PE); Xi-xia Co., J.-X. Luo 351 (PE). HUBEI: Shen-nong-jia (Mt.), X.-W. Zhang 33130 (PE). HUNAN: Da-yong Co., D.-K. Li 17992 (SHM). JIANGSU: Chang-zhou City, P.-C. Chen 13 (PE); Nan-jiang City, P.-C. Chen 131 (PE); Jian-ning Co., Z.-L. Wan 63-6 (PE); Li-yang Co., P.-C. Chen 134 (PE). JILIN: An-tuo Co., C. Gao 1314 (IFSBH); Jiao-he, X.-G. Kang 1977 (IFSBH); Jiu-ta, C. Gao 1806 (IFSBH); Lafa, C. Gao 1415 (IFSBH); Chang-bai Shan (Mt.), C. Gao 7666 (IFSBH); Pan-shi, X.-L. Chen 2508 (IFSBH); Tu-men-ling, C. Gao 1762 (IFSBH); Yi-an, C. Gao 7837 (IFSBH). LIAONING: Ben-xi Co., C. Gao & G.-C. Zhang 8419 (IFSBH); Heng-ren Co., T. Cao & Fun 458 (IFSBH); Kuan-dian Co., T. Cao & Wang 38667 (IFSBH); Qian Shan (Mt.), C. Gao 2553 (IFSBH). NEI MONGOL: Zalautun, X.-L. Bai 2371 (NY). SHAANXI: Hu Co., Z.-P. Wei 4541 (PE); Hua Shan (Mt.), C. Gao et al. 16928 (IFSBH), M.-X. Zhang 269 (NY); Miao-wang-san, Giraldi 1346 (as Brachysteleum microcarpum, H); Nan-wu-tai Shan (Mt.), C. Gao et al. 16563 (IFSBH); Xi-an City, R.-C. Han 17 (PE). SHANDONG: Tai Shan (Mt.), C. Gao & E.-Z. Bai 34157 (IFSBH). SHANGHAI: Long-tan Co., M. Zang 11 (HKAS); Mt. She, Y.-F. Wang 255 (HSHU). ZHEJIANG: Mt. Pu-tuo, D.-K. Li & C.-H. Gao 6956 (SHM); Mt. Xi-tian-mu, Y.-F. Wang 351 (HSNU); Ping-hu, D.-K. Li 3412 (SHM).

Habitat: on exposed, dry rocks and boulders or on thin soil over rocks and boulders, rarely terrestrial; Distribution: China, Korea, Japan, Russia (Siberia), U.S.A., and Mexico.

Ptychomitrium sinense is distinguished by having: 1) small plants, normally less than 1 cm high, often forming small rounded cushions or tufts on rocks; 2) leaves strongly incurved and somewhat twisted when dry, oblong-lanceolate in shape, with entire margins; 3) upper and median leaf cells relatively large, rounded quadrate to subquadrate, 8–14 µm wide, with slightly thickened walls; 4) calyptrae mitrate, covering almost the entire capsule; and 5) peristome teeth short, yellow, lanceolate, obtuse at tips, and densely papillose.

Ptychomitrium sinense is a species with a disjunctive eastern Asia and western North American distribution. It has been discussed and illustrated by T. Cao & Vitt (1994).

Illustrations: Pl. 143, figs. 1–13.