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Pakistan | Family List | Zygophyllaceae

Fagonia Linn., Sp.PI. 386. 1753. Gen.Pl.ed.5.182.1754; Benth. & Hook., Gen.Pl. 1:267.1862; Edgeworth & Hook.f. in Hook.f., FI.Brit. Ind. 1:425.1875; Hutch., Gen. Fl. Pl. 2:620.1968; Hadidi in Candollea 21 (1): 13-54: 1966; in Candollea 27(1): 83-97.1972.

Fagonia indica var. schweinfurthii
Illustration

Credit: Shaukat

Diffusely branched, basally suffrutescent, annual or perennial herbs. Leaves opposite, simple or palmately 1-3(-7)-foliolate; stipules often spiny and acicular; leaflets entire, mucronate. Inflorescence of solitary axillary flowers. Flowers pedicellate, actinomorphic, hypogynous, pentamerous, rosy, purplish-pink or violet rarely yellow; disc minute, indistinct. Sepals 5, free, mucronate, imbricate, deciduous or persistent. Petals 5, free, clawed, imbricate, caducous. Stamens 10, free, inserted on disc, filaments filiform, unappendaged, anthers oblong. Ovary 5-carpelled, sessile, pentagonous, 5-loculed, each locule with 2, erect, collateral ovules on ascending funicle; style angular, stigma simple. Capsule deeply 5-angled, pyramidal or globular, septicidally dehiscent into 5, one-seeded cocci from the base. Seeds erect, broadly oblong, compressed with horny endosperm and mucilaginous testa; embryo straight, cotyledons ovate.

A genus of about 45 species; distributed in deserts and dry arid regions from south west Asia to Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, Mediterranean region, south West Africa, Chile and south west United State.


1 Leaves simple or unifoliolata   (2)
+ Leaves trifoliolate or lower leaves tri and upper unifoliolate   (5)
       
2 (1) Stem with quadrangular internodes   (3)
+ Stem with cylindrical or terete internodes   (4)
       
3 (2) Leaflets up to 18 mm long. Sepals 3-4 mm long. Petals 6-8 mm long   Fagonia olivieri
+ Leaflets 4-12 mm long. Sepals less than 3 mm long. Petals up to 6 mm long   Fagonia bruguieri
       
4 (2) Plant covered with sticky glands. Leaves simple, narrow to broadly oblanceolate or broadly ovate. Sepals deciduous   Fagonia ovalifolia
+ Plant glabrous or young pats pruinose glandular. Leaves unifoliolata, narrow to broadly lanceolate. Sepals persistent   Fagonia indica
       
5 (1) Plant glabrous   (6)
+ Plant covered with sessile or stipitate glands or hairs   (7)
       
6 (5) Flowers 1.5 cm or more in diameter. Sepals c. 5 mm long. Petals 1.2-1.5 cm long. Fruit pedicel equal to capsule   Fagonia acerosa
+ Flowers less than 1.5 cm across. Sepals 3-4 mm long. Petals 4-6 mm long. Fruit pedicel about twice as long as long as the capsule   Fagonia indica
       
7 (5) Stem with quadrangular internodes   (8)
+ Stem with cylindrical internodes   (9)
       
8 (7) Leaves unifoliolata, up to 18 mm long   Fagonia olivieri
+ Lower leaves tri, upper unifoliolate. Leaflets up to 12 mm long   Fagonia bruguieri
       
9 (7) Leaflets oblong-ovate to rhombic. Sepals less than 3 mm long. Fruit pedicel shorter than capsule   Fagonia glutinosa
+ Leaflets linear-oblong. Sepals 3-4 mm long. Fruit pedicel c. twice as long as capsule   Fagonia indica

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