13. Rumex nepalensis Spreng., Syst. 2: 159. 1825; Meisn. in DC., Prodr. 14: 55. 1856; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 60. 1886; Rech. f. in Beih. Bot. Centrbl. 49, 2: 69. 1932; in Candollea 12: 112. 1949; in Tutin et al., Fl. Europ.1: 87. 1964; Fl. Iran. 56: 20. t. 8. f. i. 1968; Kitamura, Fl. Afgh. 96. 1960; Pl. W. Pak. & Afgh. 46. 1964; Cullen in P.H.Davis, Fl. Turk. 1: 292. 1967; R. R. Stewart, l.c. 214; Bhopal & Chaudhri, l.c. 95; Hara et al., Enum., Fl.Pl. Nepal 3: 179. 1982; Grierson & D.G.Long, Fl. Bhutan 173. 1983; Munshi & Javeid, Syst. Stud. Polygon. Kashm. Himal. 95. 1986.
R. peregrinus Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. Ser. 1,5: 46. 1844.
Perennial. Stem 60-170 cm high, erect, branching in the upper half, with erect, patent branches forming an open panicle. Basal leaves 1-2- times as long as broad with cordate base and ± acute tip, flat; cauline leaves gradually shorter petioled, diminishing in size, proportionally longer and more acute; leaves papillose beneath along the nerves. Inflorescene in whorls of many-flowers, whorls ± remote. Pedicels about as long as the valve, articulate near the base, gradually thickened towards the valves. External perianth segments about as long as half of the breadth of the valves. Valves 3-7 x 3-4 mm, ovate-triangular, reticulate with attenuate apex, normally the exterior only grain-bearing with 6-8 hooked teeth on each side. Nut about 4 mm long, dark brown, thicker below the middle.
Fl. Per.: June-September.
Type: Described from Nepal.
A fairly common plant of higher altitudes. Grows between 900-4000 m on slopes, under shades and moist areas; Distribution: SW China, Himalaya, N. Pakistan, SE Aafghanistan, N. Persia (rare), Turkey; scattered isolated localities in Java, India, Syria, N. Africa, Europe: Italy (Abruzzen), Balcan Peninsula (Pindus and Macedonia).
Differing from the remainder of Rumex species of Pakistan by the hooked teeth of the valves.
